Referendum Democracy Citizens, Elites and Deliberation in Referendum
As the referendum becomes a more regular component of decision making, it leaves few, if any, institutions, processes and values of democracy untouched. Political actors of all kinds - including political parties and interest groups - seek to use the refe
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Referendum Democracy Citizens, Elites and Deliberation in Referendum Campaigns Edited by
Matthew Mendelsohn Associate Professor Department of Political Studies Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario
and
Andrew Parkin Assistant Director of Research Centre for Research and Information on Canada Montreal, Quebec
Selection, editorial matter and Introduction © Matthew Mendelsohn and Andrew Parkin 2001 Chapter 10 © Matthew Mendelsohn and Richard Jenkins 2001 Remaining chapters © Palgrave Publishers Ltd 2001 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 0LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2001 by PALGRAVE Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE is the new global academic imprint of St. Martin’s Press LLC Scholarly and Reference Division and Palgrave Publishers Ltd (formerly Macmillan Press Ltd).
ISBN 978-1-349-42384-2 DOI 10.1057/9781403900968
ISBN 978-1-4039-0096-8 (eBook)
This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Referendum democracy : citizens, elites, and deliberation in referendum campaigns / edited by Matthew Mendelsohn, Andrew Parkin. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Referendum. 2. Democracy. I. Mendelsohn, Matthew, 1965– II. Parkin, Andrew, 1966– JF491 .R386 2001 328.2’3—dc21 00–069474 10 10
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For Jackie
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Contents
List of Figures and Tables
ix
Preface
xi
Acknowledgments Notes on the Contributors Introduction: Referendum Democracy Matthew Mendelsohn and Andrew Parkin
xiii xv
1
Part I The Rising Use of Referendums 1 Public Opinion and Support for Direct Democracy: a Grassroots Perspective Stephen C. Craig, Amie Kreppel, and James G. Kane
25
2 The Rise of Government-Initiated Referendums in Consolidated Democracies Laurence Morel
47
Part II The Impact of Referendums on LiberalDemocratic Institutions 3 Political Parties in Direct Democracy Ian Budge
67
4 Legislative
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