Relationship Between Footwear Design Factors and Footwear Fitting and Comfort
Footwear fitting and comfort is an important customer need which involves multiple factors. It includes both objective measurements and subjective perceptions, and can be influenced by shoe materials, weight and styles, foot shape, inside shoe climate, ev
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Abstract Footwear fitting and comfort is an important customer need which involves multiple factors. It includes both objective measurements and subjective perceptions, and can be influenced by shoe materials, weight and styles, foot shape, inside shoe climate, even colour and fashion. However, the influences of other design factors are still not clear. This research investigated the relationship between footwear design factors and footwear fitting and comfort. Two-level fractional factorial design analysis was used to evaluate the effects and find the vital factors. The results indicated that heel height has relatively significant influences on footwear comfort. High topline, low heel height, soft material, round toe, open toe, open heel and thin platform can provide better fitting and comfort. Keywords Footwear
Fit Comfort
1 Introduction Footwear fitting and comfort is an important customer need that should be considered in shoe design and manufacturing [1]. It is a complex concept involving multiple aspects: Fitting requires the compatibility between the footwear and the foot shape and dimensions [2]; the foot can be supported appropriately without high pressure points [3]. Comfort includes subjective perceptions and can be influenced by various factors, such as shoe materials, weight and styles, foot shape, inside shoe climate, and also colour and fashion [1]. Due to the innovation of 3D modelling technologies, the measurement related to foot and footwear becomes more accurate, and relationships between shapes can be built in 3D system. Footwear fitting are
L. Jiang A. Luximon (&) A. Younus Institute of Textile and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong e-mail: [email protected] © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 R. Goonetilleke and W. Karwowski (eds.), Advances in Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 489, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-41694-6_18
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improved through the development of these 3D models and digital shoe-lasts. However, the influences of other design factors are still not clear. Even if the shoes are made with the same shoe-last, the wearing feelings may still change for different designs. This study aimed at exploring the relationship between footwear design factors and footwear fitting and comfort. The influences of each factor on fitting and comfort were investigated, and the interactions between the design factors were also analysed.
2 Methodology 2.1
Experiment Design
Design Factors. Seven footwear design factors were investigated in this study, including topline, heel height, material, toe type, toe design, heel design, platform height. In order to reduce the number of runs of testing all the combinations of factors, two-level fractional factorial design analysis was applied to the seven factors. Topline, heel height, material, toe type were the basic factors and the other three were interaction factors. The design characteristics are shown in Table 1. There were t
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