Relationship between tongue muscle quality and swallowing speed in community-dwelling older women
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Relationship between tongue muscle quality and swallowing speed in community‑dwelling older women Mizue Suzuki1 · Shingo Koyama1 · Yosuke Kimura1 · Daisuke Ishiyama1 · Shunsuke Ohji1 · Yuhei Otobe1 · Naohito Nishio1 · Yota Kunieda1 · Takeo Ichikawa1 · Daisuke Ito1 · Hideyuki Ogawa1 · Minoru Yamada1 Received: 11 September 2019 / Accepted: 14 October 2019 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between tongue muscle quality index, which was represented as tongue muscle pressure divided by tongue muscle mass, and swallowing speed in community-dwelling older women. Methods The inclusion criteria for this cross-sectional study were that participants be community-dwelling older women aged 65 years and above without dysphagia. The exclusion criteria were stroke and Parkinson’s disease that directly cause dysphagia. We measured tongue muscle thickness and maximum tongue pressure and the tongue muscle quality index, which was defined as the maximum tongue pressure divided by tongue muscle thickness. We investigated swallowing speed via a 100 ml water swallowing test. To assess the relationship between tongue muscle characteristics and swallowing speed, we performed stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results Ninety-three participants were enrolled in this study (mean age: 84.2 ± 4.7 years). A stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that age (β = − 0.292, p
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