Relativistic Many-Body Theory A New Field-Theoretical Approach
Relativistic Many-Body Theory treats — for the first time — the combination of relativistic atomic many-body theory with quantum-electrodynamics (QED) in a unified manner. This book can be regarded as a continuation of the book by Lindgren and Morrison, A
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Series Editors W.E. Baylis Uwe Becker Philip George Burke Robert N. Compton M.R. Flannery Charles J. Joachain Brian R. Judd Kate Kirby Peter Lambropoulos Gerd Leuchs Pierre Meystre
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/411
Ingvar Lindgren
Relativistic Many-Body Theory A New Field-Theoretical Approach With 97 Figures
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Ingvar Lindgren Department of Physics University of Gothenburg SE-412 96 G¨oteborg Sweden [email protected]
ISSN 1615-5653 ISBN 978-1-4419-8308-4 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-8309-1 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-8309-1 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011921721 c Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
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Preface
It is now almost 30 years since the first edition of my book together with John Morrison, Atomic Many-Body Theory [6], appeared, and the second edition appeared some years later. It has been out of print for quite some time, but fortunately has recently been made available again through a reprint by Springer Verlag. During the time that has followed, there has been a tremendous development in the treatment of many-body systems, conceptually as well as computationally. Particularly the relativistic treatment has expanded considerably, a treatment that has been extensively reviewed recently by Ian Grant in the book Relativistic Quantum Theory of Atoms and Molecules [2]. Also, the treatment of quantum-electrodynamical (QED) effects in atomic systems has developed considerably in the last few decades, and several review articles have appeared in the field [7, 11, 13] besides the book by Labzowsky et al., Relativistic Effects in Spectra of Atomic Systems [5]. An impressive development has taken place in the field of many-electron systems by means of various coupled-cluster approaches, with applications particularly on molecular systems. The development during the last 50 years has been summarized ˇ arsky, Paldus, in the book Recent Progress in Coupled Cluster Methods, edited by C´ and Pittner [14]. The present book is aimed at combining atomic many-body theory with quantumelectrodynamics, which is a long-sought goal in quantum physics. The main problem in this effort has been that the methods for QED calcul
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