Remote Sensing of Coastal Aquatic Environments Technologies, Techniq
Coastal waters are important ecological systems and vital assets for many nations. Coastal waters are also complex, dynamic environments where a vast array of coupled biological, chemical, geological, and physical processes occurs over multiple time and s
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Remote Sensing of Coastal Aquatic Environments Technologies, Techniques and Applications Edited by Richard L. Miller, Carlos E. Del Castillo and Brent A. McKee
Remote Sensing of Coastal Aquatic Environments
Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing VOLUME 7 Series Editor: Freek D. van der Meer, Department of Earth Systems Analysis, International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), Enschede, The Netherlands & Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands Editorial Advisory Board: Michael Abrams, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, U.S.A. Paul Curran, University of Bournemouth, U.K. Arnold Dekker, CSIRO, Land and Water Division, Canberra, Australia Steven M. de Jong, Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands Michael Schaepman, Centre for Geo-Information, Wageningen UR, The Netherlands
The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume
REMOTE SENSING OF COASTAL AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS Technologies, Techniques and Applications edited by
RICHARD L. MILLER NASA, Earth Science Applications Directorate, Stennis Space Center, MS, U.S.A.
CARLOS E. DEL CASTILLO NASA, Earth Science Applications Directorate, Stennis Space Center, MS, U.S.A. and
BRENT A. MCKEE Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A.
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-1-4020-3099-4 (HB) ISBN 978-1-4020-3100-7 (e-book)
Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Printed on acid-free paper Cover illustration: A comparison of data acquired at 50m (left) and then resampled to a spatial resolution of 1km that is typical of many satellite-based instruments (right) also see p. 54, figure 3. 02-0107-300 ts All Rights Reserved © 2005, 2007 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
Contents LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
xiii
PREFACE
xvii
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO RADIATIVE TRANSFER
1
J. RONALD V. ZANEVELD, MICHAEL J. TWARDOWSKI, ANDREW BARNARD AND MARLON R. LEWIS 1. Introduction 2. The Equation of Radiative Transfer 3. Gershun’s Equation 4. Inversions and Remote Sensing 5. Lidar 5.1 Illumination and detection footprints 5.2 Backscattering signal 5.3 Stimulated fluorescence, excitation wavelength 532 nm, emission wavelength 685 nm 5.4 Raman scattering, excitation wavelength 532 nm, emission wavelength 651 nm 5.5 Signal strength estimations 6. Inherent, Radiometric, and Apparent Optical Properties 6.1 Inherent optical properties 6.2 Radiometry and apparent optical properties 6.3 The air-sea interface 7. Conclusions 8. Acknowledgments 9. Reference
