Reproducibility and comparative validity of a food frequency questionnaire for Australian children and adolescents
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BioMed Central
Open Access
Methodology
Reproducibility and comparative validity of a food frequency questionnaire for Australian children and adolescents Jane F Watson*1, Clare E Collins1, David W Sibbritt2, Michael J Dibley3 and Manohar L Garg4 Address: 1School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia, 2School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia, 3School of Public Health and The George Institute for International Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia and 4School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle NSW, Australia Email: Jane F Watson* - [email protected]; Clare E Collins - [email protected]; David W Sibbritt - [email protected]; Michael J Dibley - [email protected]; Manohar L Garg - [email protected] * Corresponding author
Published: 11 September 2009 International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2009, 6:62
doi:10.1186/1479-5868-6-62
Received: 3 August 2008 Accepted: 11 September 2009
This article is available from: http://www.ijbnpa.org/content/6/1/62 © 2009 Watson et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract Background: Dietary intake during childhood and adolescence is of increasing interest due to its influence on adult health, particularly obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. There is a need to develop and validate dietary assessment methods suitable for large epidemiologic studies of children and adolescents. Limited large scale dietary studies of youth have been undertaken in Australia, due partly to the lack of a suitable dietary intake tool. A self-administered, semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), the 'Australian Child and Adolescent Eating Survey' (ACAES), was developed for youth aged 9-16 years. This study evaluated reproducibility and comparative validity of the ACAES FFQ using assisted food records (FRs) as the reference method. Methods: The ACAES FFQ was completed twice (FFQ1 and FFQ2) at an interval of 5 months, along with four one-day assisted FRs. Validity was evaluated by comparing the average of the FRs with FFQ2 (n = 113) as well as with the average of FFQ1 and FFQ2 (n = 101). Reproducibility was evaluated by comparing FFQ1 and FFQ2 (n = 101). The two methods were compared using correlations, Kappa statistics and Bland-Altman plots. Results: Correlation coefficients for comparative validity ranged from 0.03 for retinol to 0.56 for magnesium for transformed, energy-adjusted, deattenuated nutrient data, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.40 for total fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, carbohydrate, sugars, riboflav
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