Research on Indoor Positioning Technology Based on RFID
The global positioning system ( GPS ) in the indoor is difficult to use, ultrasound, infrared and other indoor positioning technology in positioning accuracy and the accuracy has evident defects. RFID based indoor positioning technology is a hot topic at
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Abstract. The global positioning system ( GPS ) in the indoor is difficult to use, ultrasound, infrared and other indoor positioning technology in positioning accuracy and the accuracy has evident defects. RFID based indoor positioning technology is a hot topic at present. The paper introduces the indoor location algorithm based on RFID, especially LANDMARC indoor positioning theory. And on this basis, it improves traditional method by introducing cluster analysis. The simulation results show that the improved algorithm is better than the original algorithm in positioning accuracy. Keywords: Radio frequency identification, Indoor localization, positioning algorithm, clustering algorithm.
1 Introduction Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is widely used for electronic identification and tracking. RFID offers substantial advantages for businesses allowing automatic inventory and tracking on the supply chain. In the indoor positioning application, the no contact, low cost, high precision and non-line-of-sight nature of this technology are significant advantages common among all types of RFID systems. At present, for all kinds of positioning technology and localization algorithm research and improvement become the focus of research [1]. Especially all kinds of the researches and improvement on positioning technology and localization algorithm have become hot point. Therefore, research on indoor positioning technology based on RFID not only has the theory significance, but also practical significance. In this paper, we first discuss the background knowledge of RFID technology, and then discuss the relevant position technology used in recent years. We will further discuss LANDMRC algorithm. Finally, the improved algorithm and the simulation result are given.
2 The Related Theory and Technology 2.1
Radio Frequency Identification
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a technology that uses radio waves to transfer data from an electronic tag, called RFID tag or label, attached to an object, H. Tan (Ed.): Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, AISC 135, pp. 109–115. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 springerlink.com
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through a reader for the purpose of identifying and tracking the object. The tag's information is stored electronically. The RFID tag includes a small RF transmitter and receiver. An RFID reader transmits an encoded radio signal to interrogate the tag. The tag receives the message and responds with its identification information. All RFID tags use radio frequency energy to communicate with the readers. However, the method of powering the tags varies. An active tag embeds an internal battery which continuously powers it and its RF communication circuitry. Readers can thus transmit very low-level signals, and the tag can reply with high-level signals. An active tag can also have additional functionalities such as memory, and a sensor, or a cryptography module. On the other hand, a passive tag has no internal power supply. Generally, it backscatters the carrier signal received from a read
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