Research progress of rubrene as an excellent multifunctional organic semiconductor
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Front. Phys. 16(1), 13304 (2021)
Topical review Research progress of rubrene as an excellent multifunctional organic semiconductor Si Liu∗ , Hongnan Wu∗ , Xiaotao Zhang† , Wenping Hu Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China Corresponding author. E-mail: † [email protected] Received July 11, 2020; accepted August 6, 2020
Rubrene, a superstar in organic semiconductors, has achieved unprecedented achievements in the application of electronic devices, and research based on its various photoelectric properties is still in progress. In this review, we introduced the preparation of rubrene crystal, summarized the applications in organic optoelectronic devices with the latest research achievements based on rubrene semiconductors. An outlook of future research directions and challenges of rubrene semiconductor for applications is also provided. Keywords rubrene, organic semiconductor, optoelectronic devices
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Introduction Preparation Applications in electronic devices 3.1 Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) 3.2 Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) 3.3 Organic solar cells/organic photovoltaic cells (OSCs/OPVs) 3.4 Organic spin-valves (OSVs) Summary and outlook Acknowledgements References
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1 Introduction Organic semiconducting materials with the advantages of low-cost, designability of structure, solution processability and flexibility [1–3] are widely used in organic electronic devices, including organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), playing an important role in the field of organic optoelectronics [4–9]. Rubrene (5, 6, 11, 12-tetraphenylnaphthacene, C42 H28 , Fig. 1), a ptype organic semiconductor, is a superstar in electronic device applications, exhibiting a high charge carrier mobility of 20 cm2 ·V−1 ·s−1 at room temperature and a flu∗ These
authors contributed equally to this work. Special Topic: Organic Semiconductors and OFETs (Eds. Hong Meng & Guangcun Shan).This article also can be found at http://journal.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/10.1007/ s11467-020-0993-1. arXiv: 2009.11565.
orescence quantum efficiency of approximately 100 % in solution [10, 11]. The structure of rubrene molecule is shown in the Fig. 1(a), which is composed of a tetracene backbone and four phenyl groups substituted at the 5, 6, 11, 12 positions; its powder is red or light brown, with strong absorption in the blue-violet to green spectrum. Rubrene crystals have three polymorphs：orthorhombic, monoclinic, and triclinic, as shown in Figs. 1(b)–(d). Only orthorhombic presents a herringbone molecular arrangement, large π– π orbital overlap of the tetracene backbone of the adjacent molecules, which is required for high-performance charge transfer [12–14]. The triclinic and monoclinic do not have this effective molecular stacking, so OFETs research foc
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