Research, Quality, Competitiveness European Union Technology Policy
Advanced comments on Attilio Stajano’s Research, Quality, Competitiveness: European Union Technology Policy for the Information Society "Allocation for schools and education are believed [by most] to be a cost. Stajano proves with cogent analysis that edu
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RESEARCH, QUALITY, COMPETITIVENESS European Union Technology Policy for the Information Society
by Attilio Stajano
a- Springer
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationData 1SBN:lO: 0-387-28741-8 (Printed on acid-free paper) ISBN-13: 978-0387-28741-6
e-ISBN-10: 0-387-28742-6 e-ISBN-13: 978-0387-28742-3
Library of Congress Control Number: 2005933154 O 2006 Springer Science+BusinessMedia, Inc. All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.
Printed in the United States of America.
To Kathleen
Contents
Foreword Preface Acknowledgments The Author
xiii xvii xxiii xxiii
PART ONE THE INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
1
1. Origins of the European Union 1.1 After the Second World War 1.2 The Treaty of Rome 1.3 Enlargement of the European Economic Community 1.4 Main Steps in the Construction of the European Union 1.5 Recommended Reading Available on the Enclosed CD-ROM
3 3 5 7 8 13
2. From the Treaty of Rome to the Constitution 2.1 Evolution of the Treaties 2.2 Institutions of the European Union 2.3 Acts of the Institutions 2.4 Activities of the European Union 2.5 Implementation of Community Policies 2.6 Recommended Reading Available on the Enclosed CD-ROM
15 15 30 45 47 48 51
3. Enlargement of the European Union
53
3.1 3.2
54 56
What is There to Gain? Criteria for Accession to the European Union
...
Research, Quality, Competitiveness
VIII
Accession Countries and the Euro First Wave of Enlargement An Overview of the Ten Accession Countries of the 2004 Enlargement Second Wave of Enlargement An Overview of the Two Accession Countries of the 2007 Enlargement A New Set of Candidate Countries Includes Turkey An Overview of the Two Countries of the Ongoing Enlargement Negotiations The Process of Enlargement to Turkey Recommended Reading Available on the Enclosed CD-ROM 4. Budget of the European Union 4.1 Principle of Balance 4.2 Resources 4.3 Expenditure 4.4 Return on Contributions 4.5 Recommended Reading Available on the Enclosed CD-ROM
107 107 107 111 113 114
5. Internal Market and Competition 115 5.1 Internal Market 115 5.2 Competition Policy 117 5.3 Transformations Introduced by the Internal Market 117 5.4 Policies for the Creation of the Internal Market 118 5.5 Impact of the Internal Market 120 5.6 Research, the Internal Market, and Competitiveness 121 5.7 Recommended Reading Available on the Enclosed CD-ROM 123
