Resource discovery mechanisms in pure unstructured peer-to-peer systems: a comprehensive survey
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Resource discovery mechanisms in pure unstructured peer-to-peer systems: a comprehensive survey Elahe Khatibi 1 & Mohsen Sharifi 1 Received: 14 May 2020 / Accepted: 5 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The concept of unstructured Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems—setting free from any structural constraints—has put forward an appropriate paradigm for sharing a wide assortment of resources in a distributed-sharing manner efficiently. More importantly, unstructured P2P systems’ architecture and concepts have permeated diverse spheres of today’s successful and world-famous computer science areas, including NoSQL databases for excellently sharing data. However, pinpointing any given appropriate resource in such massive systems, namely unstructured P2P systems, is a challenging task; the two of the most dispensable rationales behind this proclaim are large scales of such systems and unstructured nature of overlay networks. Finding a decent resource with low response time, low bandwidth consumption, and high success-rate has played a crucial role in both the overall system performance and the functionality of P2P systems. Briefly, an efficacious resource discovery mechanism is the lifeblood of any productive P2P system. Given these points, in this study, we present an exhaustive survey on state-of-the-art resource discovery mechanisms employed in file-sharing pure unstructured P2P systems; we offer a new resource discovery categorization accordingly. Furthermore, we deeply delve into a plethora of resource searching methods and their merits as well as demerits to furnish the paper with an in-depth evaluation. Keywords Unstructured peer-to-peer systems . Resource discovery mechanism . Taxonomy . File-sharing
1 Introduction Distributed systems are introduced to transparently connect resources and users in a scalable manner. This is because the traditional solution—client/server—is no longer proper for large-scale distributed applications. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems as a kind of distributed systems enable scalable and high-throughput resource sharing among peers. Hence, Highlights • We put forth a novel taxonomy for resource discovery mechanisms in pure unstructured Peer-to-Peer systems. • We thoroughly investigate contributing factors in devising any given resource discovery mechanism from a myriad of perspectives. • We present a complete evaluation of each proposed class of resource discovery mechanisms. * Mohsen Sharifi [email protected] Elahe Khatibi [email protected]; [email protected] 1
School of Computer Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, University Road, Narmak, Tehran 1684613114, Iran
today’s distributed applications can rely on the P2P paradigm to become both flexible and efficient [1]. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems are comprised of a network of connected nodes, having comparable capabilities and roles, sharing their resources in a distributed way [2–6]. P2P systems provide access to a massive pool of shared self-organized resou
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