Response of traditional and taxonomic distinctness diversity indices of benthic macroinvertebrates to environmental degr
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Response of traditional and taxonomic distinctness diversity indices of benthic macroinvertebrates to environmental degradation gradient in a large Chinese shallow lake Lei Ji 1 & Xiaoming Jiang 2 & Chunxiang Liu 1 & Ziyi Xu 1 & Jinhui Wang 1 & Sheng Qian 1 & Han Zhou 1 Received: 26 August 2019 / Accepted: 26 March 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A variety of biodiversity metrics are available to assess the quality of aquatic ecosystems. However, different types of metrics perform with considerable variation and provide various information involved in ecosystem conditions. Taxonomic distinctness (TD) indices have been recommended as desirable measures for assessing environmental degradation, but their utility based on lake macroinvertebrates is still largely unknown. Here, we evaluated the response of traditional and taxonomic distinctness diversity indices (the average taxonomic distinctness, Δ+, and variation in taxonomic distinctness, Λ+) of benthic macroinvertebrates to environmental degradation gradient in Lake Taihu, the third largest freshwater lake in China. Benthic assemblages responded markedly to human disturbances, with significance among-region differences in community composition throughout four seasons. The traditional biodiversity indices (Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou’s evenness) showed high sensitivity in discriminating anthropogenic impacts, with highest values in macrophytic region but lowest values in eutrophic region. In contrast, Δ+ and Λ+ did not perform well in distinguishing sites subjected to different disturbance levels. The Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis both indicated that traditional biodiversity metrics (Shannon-Wiener diversity, taxon richness, and Pielou’s evenness) responded more readily to water quality variables (Secchi depth, electrical conductivity, and comprehensive trophic level index) than Δ+ and Λ+. Despite the weak correlations between TD indices of benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality in the present study, we suggest that the TD indices should still be considered in bioassessment programs because they provide useful complementary information on traditional diversity indices. Keywords Benthic macroinvertebrates . Taxonomic distinctness indices . Shannon-Wiener diversity . Pielou’s evenness . Lake Taihu . Eutrophication
Introduction The aquatic ecosystems are experiencing severe threats by anthropogenic activities throughout the world (Dudgeon
Responsible editor: Boqiang Qin * Xiaoming Jiang [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Resource and Plant Biology of Anhui Province, College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, People’s Republic of China
2
State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, Shaanxi, China
et al. 2006; Søndergaard et al. 2012; Strayer 2006), resulting in a series of consequences such as deterioration of water quality, loss of biodiversity, and destruction of
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