Results of Experimental Investigations of the Kinetics of Reduction
The determination of the progress with time of the reduction of oxides depends in every case on measuring the progress of oxygen removal from the oxides or measuring the value of some quantity which is uniquely determined by the extent of oxygen removal.
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L. von Bogdandy . H.-J. Engell
The Reduction of Iron Ores Scientific Basis and Technology
Revised and Translated Edition of "Die Reduktion der Eisenerze"
With 381 Figures and 54 Tables
1971 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
Prof. Dr.-Ing. LUDWIG
VON BOGDANDY
Member of Managing Committee, Hiittenwerk Oberhausen AG, Oberhausen
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. HANS-JURGEN
ENGELL
Director, Max-Planck-Institut fiir Eisenforschung, Diisseldorf
The translation of Chapters 1 to 4 was procured by arrangement with thc Trade and Industrial Translation Centre Ltd., London. These four chapters were translated by Commander E. R. DAWSON of the University of Dundee, Scotland, and edited by Mr. F. B. TRAICE ofthe Swinden Laboratories of British Steel Corporation. - Chapter 5 has been translated and edited jointly by Messrs. R. S~;WELL and A. J. H. LEADLEY of the Swinden Laboratories of British Stecl Corporatioll.
DK 669.051 669.046.46: 669.162.12 669.162.263.23
ISBN 978-3-662-10402-6 ISBN 978-3-662-10400-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-10400-2
This work is subject to copyright. AII rights are reserved. whether the whule or part of thc material is conccrned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broad· casting, reproduction hy photocopying machi ne or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of tho German Copyright Law whcre copies are made for other than private use, afec is payablc to the publisher, tlle amount of the fee to be determined by agreement with the publisher. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1971 Originally published by Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg and Verlag Stahleisen m.b.R., Diisseldorf in 1971 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover lst edition 1971
The reproductioll in this book of registered trade-marks does not warrant tho assumption, eveu without auy special marking, that such names are to be considered free under tlle trade-mark law and may be used by anyone.
Preface to the English Edition For the English edition the book was revised by the authors, taking into account a number of suggestions of the readers of the German edition. Some of the most important publications in the field of iron ore reduction, which appeared since 1967, have been used to bring the manuscript as far as possible up to date. The kind assistance of Dr. K. BOHNENKAMP of the Max-Planck-Institut fUr Eisenforschung, Dusseldorf, was much appreciated in this respect. Ohapters 2.9 and 2.10, dealing with the reduction of molten oxide slags by solid carbon and with the contribution of the water-gas reaction to iron ore reduction, have been added for the English edition. Ohapter 2.9 has been completely revised with the kind assistance of Dr. H. J. GRABKE, Stuttgart. Dipl.-Ing. J. LODDE contributed to this edition by revising the bibliography. Owing to the rapid development of the blast furnace it was necessary to revise Ohapter 5 considerably. In this field many valuable suggestions have been made by Dipl.-Ing. G. LANGE and Dipl.-Ing. P. HEINRICH. Furthermore, Ohapters3 and 4 have bee
