Retrospective analysis of plasmacytoma in Kansai Myeloma Forum Registry
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Retrospective analysis of plasmacytoma in Kansai Myeloma Forum Registry Aya Nakaya1,20 · Hirokazu Tanaka2,20 · Hideo Yagi3,20 · Kensuke Ohta4,20 · Hirohiko Shibayama5,20 · Takae Kohara5,20 · Junya Kanda6,20 · Maki Shindo6,20 · Yuji Shimura7,20 · Satoru Kosugi8,20 · Toru Kida8,20 · Hitomi Kaneko9,20 · Kazunori Imada9,20 · Takahiro Karasuno10,20 · Mitsuhiro Matsuda11,20 · Masato Iida12,20 · Yoko Adachi13,20 · Shin‑ichi Fuchida14,20 · Nobuhiko Uoshima15,20 · Hitoji Uchiyama16,20 · Ryoichi Takahashi17,20 · Toshimitsu Matsui18,20 · Katsuya Wada19,20 · Miki Kiyota19,20 · Chihiro Shimazaki14,20 · Masayuki Hino20 · Junya Kuroda7,20 · Yuzuru Kanakura5,20 · Akifumi Takaori‑Kondo6,20 · Shosaku Nomura1,20 · Itaru Matsumura2,20 · Kansai Myeloma Forum Investigators Received: 13 April 2020 / Revised: 15 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 © Japanese Society of Hematology 2020
Abstract We retrospectively analyzed 51 patients with solitary plasmacytoma diagnosed from October 2002 to September 2018 from a cohort of 3575 patients with plasma cell dyscrasias registered in the Kansai Myeloma Forum. Twenty-seven patients had solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) and 24 had extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP), with prevalence of 0.8% and 0.7%, respectively. The most frequent M protein was IgG (40%) in SBP, whereas non-secretory proteins were most frequent (50%) in EMP. Five-year overall survival was 78.2% in SBP and 80.8% in EMP (P = 0.894). Among patients with SBP, 44% progressed to MM with a median time of 10.5 months (2.4–93.3 months), whereas 8% of EMP patients progressed to MM with a median time of 18.6 months (13.0–24.2 months). The most frequent treatment was radiotherapy (41%) or observation (41%) in SBP, and chemotherapy (54%) in EMP. No statistically significant difference was observed upon univariate analysis of prognostic factors including age, sex, performance status, and IgG M protein. Our results suggest that there are biological differences between SBP and EMP in real-world settings. Keywords Solitary plasmacytoma · Solitary bone plasmacytoma · Extramedullary plasmacytoma · Progression to multiple myeloma
Introduction Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) is a rare disease characterized by a localized proliferation of neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells without evidence of systemic disease, such as hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, and bone lesions (CRAB). SP accounts for approximately 2–5% of all plasma cell disorders [1–3]. It can be subdivided into solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) and extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP). SBP is characterized by a single mass of clonal plasma cells in bone. EMP is plasmacytoma occurring in soft tissues. According to an updated International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) definition [4], SP is divided into * Aya Nakaya [email protected]
two categories: SP with or without minimal bone marrow (BM) involvement (less than 10%). However, this definition groups together SBP and EMP, and some experts [5, 6], as well as an updated edition (4th) of the World Health Organization (WH
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