Risk Factors for Prosthetic Joint Infections

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most devastating ­complications in the field of orthopedic surgery. Risk factors for PJI can be divided in two groups: patient-related risk factors and procedure-related risk factors. This chapter presents an

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Rihard Trebše Editor

Infected Total Joint Arthroplasty The Algorithmic Approach

Editor Rihard Trebše Orthopedic Hospital Valdoltra Ankaran Slovenia

ISBN 978-1-4471-2481-8 ISBN 978-1-4471-2482-5 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-2482-5 Springer London Heidelberg New York Dordrecht

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2012952504 © Springer-Verlag London 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfllms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied speciflcally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a speciflc statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Foreword

The authors of this book are outstanding experts on implant-associated complications. This has qualified them to write a well-structured and singularly interesting contribution on the subject. To begin with, the history of implants is reviewed and the biomaterials used for them are described. This leads on to a special section devoted to the influence of wear particles on the local and systemic immune system emphasizing that for metalon-metal articulations, for example, the effects on the entire body need to be considered over and above local responses like corrosion particles and lymphocyte infiltration. These are, no doubt, less dramatic with ceramic-on-ceramic articulations than with cross-link articulations. However, the ultimate effects of the crosslink particles generated are, for instance, not yet predictable. The differential diagnosis of septi