Robust Design Process to Restrain Irreversible Demagnetization of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Applied in
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Robust Design Process to Restrain Irreversible Demagnetization of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Applied in Railway Vehicles Using Dysprosium‑Free Permanent Magnet Hyung‑Sik Kong2 · Kang Been Lee3 · Hyun‑Jo Pyo1 · Min‑Jae Jeong1 · Won‑Ho Kim1 Received: 22 June 2020 / Revised: 24 July 2020 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020
Abstract Trends of traction motor of railway vehicles have been shifted from induction motors to permanent magnet motors. Recently, studies have been conducted on dysprosium-free permanent magnets. Dysprosium is a heavy rare earth element that has a great impact on performance of motors. However, dysprosium affects the coercive force of a permanent magnet and can produce irreversible demagnetization. Conventional studies have focused on improving the performance of motors using permanent magnets without heavy rare earth elements. In this study, a robust rotor design process includes the way to restrain irreversible demagnetization using a dysprosium-free permanent magnet. First, the irreversible magnetization of bar-type and V-type magnets, which are basic models of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors, is analyzed. Next, expected demagnetized parts of the main magnets are used as a submagnets, which make magnetic field bypass both sides of the submagnets, and magnets are added in submagnets regions to compensate gap of performance between target model and double type models. Finally, parameter analysis is performed on the design variables of the main magnet. The proposed the robust design process to restrict irreversible demagnetization proves its validity through finite element analysis. Keywords Rare earth metals · Demagnetization · Electric machines · Design optimization
1 Introduction
* Won‑Ho Kim [email protected] Hyung‑Sik Kong [email protected] Kang Been Lee [email protected] Hyun‑Jo Pyo [email protected] Min‑Jae Jeong [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Electronics Engineering Team1, Hyundai Kia Motors Namyang Institute, Hwaseong 18270, Republic of Korea
Magnets used in traction motor of railway vehicles require high heat resistance and coercive force because they operate in high temperature environments. Coercive force can be increased by adding heavy rare earth (HRE) elements, such as dysprosium (Dy), which can make a high anisotropic magnetic field. However, major rare earth deposits are not evenly distributed. In recent years, their production has been limited to certain countries, and less than 10% of rare earth elements are classified as HRE metals. Thus, it is necessary to ameliorate the limitation of access to resources and costs of the electric machinery [1]. Recently, many studies have focused on improving the coercive force of neodymium-iron-boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnets via grain refinement wi
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