Robust evaluation of superabsorbent polymers as an internal curing agent in cementitious composites
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Robust evaluation of superabsorbent polymers as an internal curing agent in cementitious composites Aamar Danish1,* 1
, Mohammad Ali Mosaberpanah1, and Muhammad Usama Salim1
Civil Engineering Department, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
Received: 1 June 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 18 August 2020
The internal curing of cementitious composites (CCs) has been a subject of supreme importance for the past few years. Although superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) have been utilized in several industries like sanitary, agriculture, and medical, their usability as an internal curing agent to counteract self-desiccation of CC is quite new. In consideration of ongoing demand and usability of SAP, this review article comprehensively discusses the properties and performance of SAP in internally cured CC such as cement paste, mortar, and concrete. The properties of SAP documented include absorption, swelling, and desorption. In addition, the effect of SAP on shrinkage (chemical, plastic, autogenous and drying), rheological (workability, slump, and viscosity), mechanical (compressive, tensile, and flexural strength), and durability (permeability and frost resistance) properties has been extensively discussed. Furthermore, after an indepth analysis of the mentioned topics, this article gives critical note toward the effective use of SAP in CC.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Introduction Shrinkage is one of the common phenomena in CC, which increases the risk of cracking [1]. Water consumption during early age of CC, including hydration and water evaporation, can lead to uncontrollable shrinkage, which might commence cracking [2, 3]. There are several methods to control the internal relative humidity of (RH) of the CC, such as conventional curing methods including watering,
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05131-2
covering, and steaming, etc. However, these methods might not be effective enough for massive concreting or even for the low-surface-porosity composites to control the RH [4]. Internal curing is a promising tool to release water gradually (through internal curing agents/materials) to maintain internal relative humidity (RH) of CC. The mechanism of external and internal curing is shown in Fig. 1. Until now, a lot of internal curing agents have been introduced like lightweight aggregate LWA [5], rice husk ash (RHA) [6], cenospheres [7, 8], Leca [9], superabsorbent
J Mater Sci
polymers (SAP) [10], and fly ash [11], etc. Out of the mentioned internal curing agents, LWA and SAP are the most frequently used internal curing agents [12]. SAP is an excellent material to control the autogenous and drying shrinkage of CC. Additionally, other important advantages of SAP include: 1.
2.
Capability to increase the hydration rate of cement by maintaining high internal RH which eventually increases long-term compressive strength [13] Capability to increase frost resistance b
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