Role of Seismic Testing Facilities in Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering
Nowadays research in earthquake engineering is mainly experimental and in large-scale; advanced computations are integrated with large-scale experiments, to complement them and extend their scope, even by coupling two different but simultaneous tests. Ear
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GEOTECHNICAL, GEOLOGICAL AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING Volume 22 Series Editor Atilla Ansal, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Bogˇaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey Editorial Advisory Board Julian Bommer, Imperial College London, U.K. Jonathan D. Bray, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. Kyriazis Pitilakis, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Susumu Yasuda, Tokyo Denki University, Japan
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/6011
Michael N. Fardis • Zoran T. Rakicevic Editors
Role of Seismic Testing Facilities in PerformanceBased Earthquake Engineering SERIES Workshop
Editors Michael N. Fardis Department of Civil Engineering University of Patras, P.O. Box 1424 26504 Patras Greece [email protected]
Zoran T. Rakicevic Dynamic Testing Laboratory & Informatics Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology (IZIIS) Salvador Aljende 73 1000 Skopje Republic of Macedonia [email protected]
ISSN 1573-6059 ISBN 978-94-007-1976-7 e-ISBN 978-94-007-1977-4 DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-1977-4 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2011939568 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
The Tohoku earthquake that devastated the North-eastern coast of Japan on March 11, 2011 and the smaller, yet also catastrophic, Christchurch (NZ) shock that hit the opposite end of the Pacific Rim less than 3 weeks before, were stark reminders of the weakness of humans and their works against the force of nature. These events came almost exactly 1 year after the extraordinary Bio-Bio earthquake in Chile and less than 2 years after the L’Aquila (IT) earthquake, the strongest and deadliest in Europe for almost 10 years. Within the overall picture of disaster left by these events, one can find bright spots. For example, the performance of buildings and civil infrastructures in the Tohoku earthquake looks like a success story, in view of the magnitude of the shock and of the disastrous effects of the 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake on buildings and civil infrastructures in Kobe. By contrast, the collapse of several RC wall buildings in Viña del Mar and Concepción in Chile shook our confidence to this time-and-again proven type of earthquake resistant construction and our knowledge of it. In fact, every new earthquake demonstrates many still dark areas and gives the impression, to public and policy makers alike, that our Research and Technological Development (RTD) community of earthquake engineering has achieved little pro
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