Roles of Neurotransmitters in Decapod Reproduction
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Roles of Neurotransmitters in Decapod Reproduction Muzaffer Mustafa Harlıoğlu 1 & Ardavan Farhadi 2 & Ayşe Gül Harlıoğlu 1 Received: 4 September 2019 / Revised: 12 February 2020 / # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract In decapods neurotransmitters govern a variety of physiological events including growth, moulting, reproduction, locomotor activity, behavior and sexual differentiation. The most important reproductive neurotransmitters in decapods are histamine (HA), dopamine (DA), 5-hydrtryptamine (5HT, serotonin), leucine enkephalin (Leu-ENK), octopamine (OA), epinephrine (EPI), methionine enkephalin (Met-ENK), and Red pigment-concentrating hormone (RPCH). In this study, the discovery and identification of reproductive neurotransmitters in decapods are reviewed. The role of neurotransmitters (i.e. 5-HT, DA, OA, RPCH, Leu-ENK and Met-ENK) on the reproduction and sexual maturation of decapods are remarkable. It can be concluded that understanding the roles and effects of neurotransmitters are useful for further basic studies in reproductive biology of decapodsas well as commercial profitability in terms of development of new techniques for assisted reproduction in aquaculture. Keywords Dopamine . Octopamine . Serotonin . Histamine . Neuromodulator
Introduction Decapods are a large group of animals inhabiting freshwater and marine ecosystems (Rodríguez and Suárez 2001). Some members of decapods including shrimps, crabs, lobster and crayfish bear important economic values. Understanding different aspects of reproductive biology is an important key to develop techniques for assisted reproduction in decapod aquaculture (Sarojini et al., 2000; Subramoniam, 2000; Harlıoğlu et al. 2018a; Yazıcıoğlu et al. 2018). Many areas such as the gamete biology (Niksirat et al. 2013a,b; 2014a, 2015a; Kouba et al. 2015; Niksirat and Kouba 2016; Yazıcıoğlu et al. 2016; Niksirat et al. 2016; Farhadi et al. 2018), and endocrinology (Nagaraju 2011; Harlıoğlu et al. 2018b) have been explored to provide a clear picture from sexual cycles in decapods. The sexual cycle of decapods can vary by species and geographical distribution. In most of the decapods, sexes are separated and can be distinguished by the existence or absence of gonopods (Harlıoğlu 2016). During coupling the spermatophores are transferred by gonopods to female. In decapods, eggs are not fertilized immediately after spermatophore transfer because emales are capable to store spermatophores. After * Ardavan Farhadi [email protected] 1
Fisheries Faculty, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey
2
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
egg-laying, eggs are fertilized by spermatozoa (Niksirat et al. 2014a). The reproductive system of male decapods consists of testis, vas deferens, and ejaculatory ducts. From each testis emerges a vas deferens that is connected to outside of the body by gonophores. The reproductive system of female decapods constitutes of the paired ovaries, oviducts, gonophores, and an e
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