RPL Border Router Redundancy in the Internet of Things
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a broad variety of objects with communication capabilities that are integrated into Internet. The interconnection between those objects and the Internet is enabled thanks to border routers. In this article, we invest
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ICube laboratory (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France {qdnguyen,montavont,noel}@unistra.fr 2 Institut Mines-Telecom/Telecom Bretagne, Rennes, France [email protected]
Abstract. The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a broad variety of objects with communication capabilities that are integrated into Internet. The interconnection between those objects and the Internet is enabled thanks to border routers. In this article, we investigate the aftermath of the failure of border routers on ongoing communications. Next, we propose to overcome the exposed problems by providing objects with multiple border routers. The corresponding subnet is therefore multihomed, i.e. all objects in this subnet are reachable via multiple paths, one per active border router. Whenever a border router fails, we dynamically re-route traffic to an active border router. Such flows redirection remains transparent to remote peers. Our solution, referred to as SynRPL, is based on the well-known IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL). Syn-RPL is evaluated through experimentations on a real testbed. Keywords: Internet of Things Failover
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Introduction
In the recent years, the rapid development of low-power wireless technologies together with the miniaturization of electronic components gave birth to what we commonly call the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT refers to a set of physical objects (ranging from sensors to common household electrical goods) with communication capabilities that are able to collect, exchange and receive information throughout the Internet. The IoT enables a large variety of new applications, ranging from scientific observations [16] to personal home automation [14]. In the IoT, objects in a given neighborhood use their wireless communication capabilities to form a multihop wireless network known as Low-power and Lossy wireless Network (LLN). Such networks are characterized by a variety of lossy links (low speed, low energy consumption and unstable connectivity) and constrained devices (limited computational power, memory and energy). Interconnecting LLNs with the Internet is made possible by the IPv6 over Low power c Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 N. Mitton et al. (Eds.): ADHOC-NOW 2016, LNCS 9724, pp. 202–214, 2016. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-40509-4 14
RPL Border Router Redundancy in the Internet of Things
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Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) IETF standard [10]. 6LoWPAN introduces IPv6 header compression and provides a fragmentation and reassembly adaptation layer below IP, enabling the transport of IPv6 packets over LLNs. IPv6 packets originated from or destined to a LLN are processed by the 6LoWPAN Border Router (BR) [17]. This entity is located at the junction between the LLN and the IPv6 Internet and is responsible to compress/decompress or fragment/defragment IPv6 packets regarding the 6LoWPAN standard before forwarding them towards the destination. Inside a LLN, packets are routed with the IPv
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