Russia: Space Exploration and Development Prospects
This article presents data on the current state of the Russian space industry and describes its short- and medium-term development prospects. The analysis is based on statistical research and government policy documents to identify the key trends and deve
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Russia: Space Exploration and Development Prospects Oleg Karasev, Natalia Velikanova, and Anastasia Edelkina
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Introduction
This article presents data on the current state of the Russian space industry and describes its short- and medium-term development prospects. The analysis is based on statistical research and government policy documents to identify the key trends and development directions of space-related science and technology in Russia in the year 2012–2013. Significant attention is paid to analysing strategic and projected data and programmes approved by public authorities. This has enabled identification of the steps taken to regulate the space industry, major government policy tools, and goals and objectives set for the immediate future. Of particular interest are projects implemented during the period in question, and those planned for the near future. These projects cover all key areas of space exploration and space-based Earth observation. Development prospects for space-related services are analysed in the following segments: manned spacecraft launches, space navigation satellites, and remote sensing of the Earth. An important topic in this article is international cooperation and its prospects for the near future. Activation of innovative economic development has been one of the priorities of state economic policy in Russia in recent years. The Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 8 December 2011, № 2227-R, adopted a Strategy for Innovative Development of the Russian Federation until the year 2020. The document states that “Russia has ambitious but realistic long-term development goals, aimed at ensuring a high level of welfare of the population and securing the country’s geopolitical role as one of the leaders determining the world’s political agenda. The only possible way to achieve these objectives is the transition of the economy to innovation and a socially oriented development model”. In this regard, O. Karasev (*) • N. Velikanova • A. Edelkina National Research University—Higher School of Economics, 9-11, Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] © Springer-Verlag Wien 2015 C. Al-Ekabi et al. (eds.), Yearbook on Space Policy 2012/2013, Yearbook on Space Policy, DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-1827-6_8
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Table 8.1 Expenditure on technological innovation, total sales of innovative goods and services: 2012
Mining and quarrying Manufacturing High tech Manufacture of aircrafts, incl. spacecraft Medium high tech Medium low tech Low tech Electricity, gas and water supply Total
Expenditures on technological innovation Million Million rouble Euros
Total sales of innovative goods and services Million Million rouble Euros
87,775.3 430,459.6 61,917.1 25,953.1
2,199.3 10,785.8 1,551.4 650.3
522,890.9 1,973,535.6 175,318.2 72,310.5
13,101.8 49,449.7 4,392.8 1,811.8
85,204.2 219,170.9 32,910.1 65,425.7 583,660.6
2,134.9 5,491.6 824.6 1,639.3 14,624.4
785,190.0 756,622.1 157,075.5 13
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