Salinization of Coastal Groundwater Resource in the Perspective of Climate Change
Groundwater is around one third of global water withdrawals and serve drinking water. Coast is a most sensorial and dynamic geomorphic unit where marine, Aeolian, and terrestrial system meet. Coast is a potential area for human dwell, around 70% of world
- PDF / 220,147 Bytes
- 12 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 9 Downloads / 160 Views
Salinization of Coastal Groundwater Resource in the Perspective of Climate Change Somnath Bar, Binita Kumari, and Saurabh Kumar Gupta
Abstract Groundwater is around one third of global water withdrawals and serve drinking water. Coast is a most sensorial and dynamic geomorphic unit where marine, Aeolian, and terrestrial system meet. Coast is a potential area for human dwell, around 70% of world population live along the coast, and this population is growing exponentially to support the increasing population growth and development requires a large quantity of freshwater. In several areas groundwater resource is a subject of worry in respect to both quantity and quality. Groundwater salinization is considered a specific category of pollution that portends groundwater resources, because mixing a small quantity of saltwater with groundwater makes freshwater unsuitable and can result in abandonment of freshwater supply. Pumping or over extraction is considered the key reason of saltwater intrusion into coastal groundwater aquifers in several areas of the world although climate change and global warming have significantly accelerated sea-level rise and groundwater recharge. Saltwater intrusion poses a major restriction to utilization of groundwater so saltwater intrusion should be prevented or at least have to be controlled. It is essential to practical measures and protect the available groundwater resources from pollution, saltwater intrusion, and contaminants which deplete quality. The modern computer modelling techniques can be used to design better groundwater withdrawal networks and methods to reduce the probability of sea-water intrusion and contaminations. Keywords Groundwater · Coast · Salinization · Saltwater intrusion
S. Bar · B. Kumari (*) · S. K. Gupta Department of Geoinformatics, School of Natural Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, India © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 P. K. Gupta, R. N. Bharagava (eds.), Fate and Transport of Subsurface Pollutants, Microorganisms for Sustainability 24, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6564-9_17
315
316
17.1
S. Bar et al.
Introduction
Coast is a very sensitive transitional or ingredient zone between marine and terrestrial system. The most dynamic environment of the planet is coast. Coast is the meeting place of the hydrosphere, lithosphere, and the atmosphere, where wave, tidal energy is expanded to carry out erosion, transport, and deposition. The sensorial geomorphic unit coastal zone is subject to constant change minute by minute as waves break and currents move along shore; daily with high and low tides; monthly with tidal cycles; and over the longer term with change of climate and sea level. Due to the constant changing behaviour of the coast, major problems occur on geologic resources and coastal communities. As an impact of global warming, sea levels have risen through the twentieth century (Nicholls and Cazenave 2010). Coastal region’s condition is declining due to the anthropogenic activity of the global population and
Data Loading...
