SATB1 is overexpressed in metastatic prostate cancer and promotes prostate cancer cell growth and invasion
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RESEARCH
Open Access
SATB1 is overexpressed in metastatic prostate cancer and promotes prostate cancer cell growth and invasion Lijun Mao1†, Chunhua Yang2†, Junqi Wang1, Wang Li1, Rumin Wen1, Jiacun Chen1 and Junnian Zheng2*
Abstract Background: Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a nuclear factor that functions as the global chromatin organizer to regulate chromatin structure and gene expression gene expression. SATB1 has been shown to be abnormally expressed in various types of cancer. However, the expression and role of SATB1 in prostate cancer remain unclear. Methods: 120 cases of prostatic carcinoma and 60 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia were analyzed for SATB1 expression by immunohistochemistry. LNCaP, DU-145, and PC3 prostate cancer cells were examined for SATB1 expression by Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation and invasion was evaluated by CCK8 and transwell invasion assay, respectively. Results: SATB1 staining was stronger in prostatic carcinomas with metastasis than in those without metastasis, but was absent in benign prostate hyperplasia. Furthermore, SATB1 expression was positively correlated with bone metastasis and the Gleason score. SATB1 overexpression promoted the proliferation and invasion of LNCaP cells while SATB1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and invasion of DU-145 cells. Conclusions: These findings provide novel insight into oncogenic role of SATB1 in prostate cancer, suggesting that SATB1 is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for prostate cancer. Keywords: SATB1, Prostate cancer, Metastasis, Invasion, Proliferation
Background Prostate cancer is the most frequent cancer among men over 50 years old in industrialized countries. With the development of PSA screening, MRI imaging and new prostate biopsies protocols, the accuracy of detection and localization of prostate tumors has been increased, but still 5% of cases present with metastatic lesions at the time of diagnosis [1]. The most common site of metastasis for prostate cancer is bone, and frequently metastasis is symptomatic, with pain, debility, and functional impairment [2]. Therefore, it is important to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer to provide
* Correspondence: [email protected] † Equal contributors 2 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
better strategies for the prevention and therapy of prostate cancer. Overexpression of embryonic transcription factors has been linked to cancer development and progression. Inappropriate expression of these transcription factors is thought to reinstitute developmental programs out of context, and contributing to tumor formation and progression. Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a nuclear factor that functions as the global chromatin organizer to regulate chromatin structure and gene expression [3]. SATB1 has been shown to be abnormal
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