Securing CSF catheters to the skin: from sutures and bolt system to subcutaneous anchoring device towards zero complicat
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Securing CSF catheters to the skin: from sutures and bolt system to subcutaneous anchoring device towards zero complications Paolo Frassanito 1 & Anna Maria Auricchio 1,2 & Jacopo Antonucci 3 & Luca Massimi 1,2 & Federico Bianchi 1 & Gianpiero Tamburrini 1,2 Received: 24 April 2020 / Accepted: 10 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Introduction Securing the catheter to the skin either with sutures or staples and to the skull with bolt system still represents the most common options in the management of CSF external drainage. However, these options bear an unavoidable risk of complications. This problem is common to vascular accesses and has been successfully overcome with the introduction of device for subcutaneous anchoring (SecurAcath®, Interrad Medical, Inc., Plymouth, Minnesota), which has rapidly become the standard of care in this field. Methods We report our experience with the use of SecurAcath® to secure CSF drainage, either ventricular or spinal. Results were compared with literature data. Results Since 2015, SecurAcath® was used in 209 patients (mean age 7 years) to secure 195 external cranial catheters (either ventricular or subdural or intralesional) and 16 spinal drainages. Indwell time ranged from 5 to 30 days. No complication related to the use of the device was observed. In particular, there was no case of dislocation or accidental pullout of the catheter. Rate of infection, or superinfection in case of ventricular catheter implanted for CSF infection, was null. Conclusions SecurAcath® is a safe and effective device to secure CSF external catheters, with several relevant advantages, including easy placement and maintenance. Moreover, it may stay in place for the whole duration of the catheter without any skin tissue trauma and allows a complete antisepsis of the exit site, thus reducing local skin complications. This factor has significant impact on the reduction of infection rate of external CSF catheters. Keywords Catheter complication . CSF infection . Personalized medicine . Pullout . Roman sandal . Ventricular catheter
Introduction External CSF drainage (ED), either through ventricular or less frequently spinal catheters, is the most widespread procedure Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-020-04737-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Paolo Frassanito [email protected] 1
Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
2
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
3
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
in neurosurgical setting due to the high range of conditions that may cause the impairment of CSF dynamic [8, 26]. Several studies focus on insertion technique, complications, length of hospitalization, and costs related to external CSF drainage [3, 11]. On these grounds, data about infection rate
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