Seismic risk assessment of on-ground circular reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete water tanks using stochastic
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Seismic risk assessment of on‑ground circular reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete water tanks using stochastic ground motion simulations Florin Pavel1 Received: 30 July 2020 / Accepted: 10 October 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract This case-study is dedicated to the seismic risk assessment of cylindrical fixed-based reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete water tanks situated in Romania. The fixed-based water tanks are designed according to the current seismic design prescriptions in Romania. The six selected sites are all under the influence of the Vrancea intermediate-depth seismic source. The seismic performance is evaluated using site-specific ground motion stochastic simulations and using the approach given in Eurocode 8-4 (2006). The largest mean annual failure probabilities are obtained for the two sites (Amara and Bucharest) with the highest long-period spectral amplifications. The study shows that from the strength point of view, the two types of tanks have very small corresponding failure probabilities and from the serviceability point of view, depending on the type of the tank and its position, sloshing or cracking due to bending are the prevalent failure modes. Keywords Vrancea seismic source · Stochastic simulations · Seismic design · Seismic hazard · Failure modes
1 Introduction The seismic performance of water tanks during the last large magnitude Vrancea intermediate-depth earthquake of March 4, 1977 (moment magnitude M W = 7.4 and focal depth h = 94 km) is discussed in Balan et al. (1982). The overall seismic behaviour of both onground reinforced and prestressed concrete water tanks was very good, with only limited cracking occurring in the tanks’ walls. Their behaviour is in contrast with the seismic behaviour of elevated water tanks which had a rather poor behaviour with a significant number of cases of collapse or heavy damage (especially for tanks situated near Bucharest). It has to be highlighted the fact that all these tanks built before 1977 were designed considering only the hydrostatic pressure and not hydrodynamic pressure (Avram 1987). The past damage of reinforced concrete tanks during other earthquakes (e.g. Chile 1960; * Florin Pavel [email protected] 1
Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Bd. Lacul Tei, no. 122‑124, Sector 2, 020396 Bucharest, Romania
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Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
Bhuj 2001; Bam 2003) is discussed by several authors, such as Steinbrugge and Flores (1963), Arze (1969), Rai (2002a, b, 2003) or Soroushnia et al. (2011). The dynamic response of tanks subjected to seismic action using various approaches is analysed in a significant number of papers in the literature (e.g. Veletsos and Yang 1977; Veletsos 1984; Haroun and Housner 1980, Tedesco et al. 1989, Malhotra 2000; Malhotra et al. 2000; Hosseinzadeh et al. 2013; Bakalis et al. 2019; Nayak and Thakare 2019). The influence of soil-structure interaction on the seismic response of both rigid and flexible liquid containing tanks is discusse
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