Self-Consistent Method Using a Propagator

In Chap. 4, we derived the change in the polarizability of the sphere P, which was induced by the electric field from an electric dipole in the sphere S. In this derivation, the effect of multiple scattering was neglected, i.e., we neglected the changes i

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Advanced Texts in Physics This program of advanced texts covers a broad spectrum of topics which are of current and emerging interest in physics. Each book provides a comprehensive and yet accessible introduction to a field at the forefront of modern research. As such, these texts are intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students at the MS and PhD level; however, research scientists seeking an introduction to particular areas of physics will also benefit from the titles in this collection.

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH

M. Ohtsu K. Kobayashi

Optical Near Fields Introduction to Classical and Quantum Theories of Electromagnetic Phenomena at the Nanoscale

With 108 Figures, 20 Problems and Solutions

13

Professor Motoichi Ohtsu Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8502, Japan E-mail: [email protected]

Dr. Kiyoshi Kobayashi ERATO Localized Photon Project JST, 4th Floor, Tenko Building No. 17 687-1 Tsuruma, Machida Tokyo 194-0004, Japan E-mail: [email protected]

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Ohtsu, Motoichi. Optical near fields: electromagnetic phenomena at the nanoscale/ M. Ohtsu, K. Kobayashi. p. cm. – (Advanced texts in physics, ISSN 1439-2674) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-3-642-07343-4 ISBN 978-3-662-09104-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-09104-3 1. Photonics. 2. Nanotechnology. 3. Quantum optics. 4. Near-field microscopy. I. Kobayashi, K. (Kiyoshi), 1953– II. Title. III. Series. TA1520.O38 2003 621.36–dc21 2003054286

ISSN 1439-2674 ISBN 978-3-642-07343-4 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH . Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law.

springeronline.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2004

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Typesetting: Data prepared by the author using a Springer TEX macro package Final layout: Frank Herweg, Leutershausen Cover design: design & production GmbH, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper

SPIN 10933152

57/3141/ba

543210

Preface

This book outlines physically intuitive concepts and theories for students, engineers, and scientists who will be engaged in research in nanophotonics and atom photonics. The main topic is the optical near field, i.e