Semi-natural fishway efficiency for goliath catfish ( Brachyplatystoma spp.) in a large dam in the Amazon Basin
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PERSPECTIVES ON SUSTAINABLE HYDRO-POWER
Semi-natural fishway efficiency for goliath catfish (Brachyplatystoma spp.) in a large dam in the Amazon Basin Lisiane Hahn . Eduardo G. Martins . Leonardo D. Nunes . Leonardo S. Machado . Taise M. Lopes . Luı´s Fernando da Caˆmara
Received: 1 April 2020 / Revised: 21 September 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The recent large-scale hydropower development in the Amazon basin has raised concerns about the impacts on the movements of migratory fishes such as goliath catfish (Brachyplatystoma spp.). In the Madeira River, the efficiency of a 1400-m long fishway in the Santo Antoˆnio hydropower plant (SAE HPP) was evaluated between 2012 and 2016 using telemetry techniques. Tagged fish (N = 388) were released 2000 m downstream of the dam and near the entrance or inside the fishway (N = 149). Fixed radio stations monitored fish movements and residence near 14 different structures of the SAE HPP; four acoustic receivers in the reservoir and one
Guest editors: Ingeborg P. Helland, Michael Power, Eduardo G. Martins & Knut Alfredsen / Perspectives on the environmental implications of sustainable hydro-power L. Hahn (&) L. D. Nunes L. S. Machado L. F. da Caˆmara Departamento de Pesquisa, Neotropical Consultoria Ambiental, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] E. G. Martins Freshwater Fish Ecology Laboratory, Ecosystem Science and Management Program, University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC), Prince George, BC, Canada T. M. Lopes Departamento de Biologia (DBI), Programa de Po´sGraduac¸a˜o em Ecologia de Ambientes Aqua´ticos Continentais (PEA), Universidade Estadual de Maringa´ (UEM), Parana´, Brazil
downstream the dam monitored whether fish moved away or past the dam. The findings revealed that 15% of the fish released downstream were detected near the dam but none were detected in the reservoir upstream. For the group of fish released in the fishway, no B. rousseauxii (N = 64) was detected moving upstream and into the reservoir and 5 individuals of B. vaillantii (N = 41) exited the fishway to the reservoir. This was the first long-term telemetry monitoring of fish movements near a dam in the Amazon and the results provided evidence of inefficiency of the fishway for the target species, which led the hydropower company to reconstruct the fishway. Keywords Fish migration Madeira River Fishway Dams Fish telemetry Fisheries management
Introduction Hydropower is the main source of energy in developing countries (IEO, 2004, 2013). In Brazil, it represents more than 60% of the total national energy production (BEN, 2019). The growing demand for energy due to continued population and economic growth has led to the rapid expansion of hydropower projects to watersheds that had not been previously utilized for power production in Brazil (Fearnside, 2014; Agostinho et al., 2016). In the Amazon basin,
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Hydrobiologia
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