Separation Hydrometallurgy of Rare Earth Elements
This book describes in a comprehensive manner the technical aspects of separation of rare earth elements into individual elements for industrial and commercial use. The authors include details on and differentiate among the effective separation of rare ea
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Separation Hydrometallurgy of Rare Earth Elements
Separation Hydrometallurgy of Rare Earth Elements
Jack Zhang • Baodong Zhao • Bryan Schreiner
Separation Hydrometallurgy of Rare Earth Elements
Jack Zhang Saskatchewan Research Council Saskatoon, SK, Canada
Baodong Zhao Saskatchewan Research Council Saskatoon, SK, Canada
Bryan Schreiner Saskatchewan Research Council Saskatoon, SK, Canada
ISBN 978-3-319-28233-6 ISBN 978-3-319-28235-0 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-28235-0
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015960459 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer ScienceþBusiness Media (www.springer.com)
This book is dedicated to all the researchers that contributed to the development of rare earth element separation technology. In particular we recognize Professors Guangxian Xu and Deqian Li for their extensive contributions to the separation hydrometallurgy of rare earth elements. Professors Xu and Li were engaged in the study of separation chemistry and clean hydrometallurgy of rare earths each for over 50 years and received numerous awards. Professors Xu’s and Li’s achievements were critical to rare earth separation hydrometallurgy. Professor Li’s initiative and encouragement convinced the authors to undertake the development of rare earth separation hydrometallurgy at the Saskatchewan Research Council and inspired the writing of this book for all of which we are very grateful.
Preface
The expanding population, economic growth, and desire for new technologies are driving the demand for rare earth elements which are critical. This growth requires new production of rare earths that is secure and environmentally sustainable. There are hundreds of rare earth deposits in the world at different stages of development, from exploration to proven mineral reserves, and
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