Separation of Non-metallic Inclusions from a Fe-Al-O Melt Using a Super-Gravity Field
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NON-METALLIC inclusions in metal products often cause various quality defects such as impairment in strength and ductility,[1] poor surface finish,[2] toughness degradation,[3] and stress concentration.[4] The inclusion quantity, size, morphology, and distribution are vital factors affecting the cleanliness of molten metal.[5,6] With the increasing demand for high-quality metal products in recent years, separation of non-metallic inclusions and improvements in the cleanliness of molten metal to the extent possible are primary goals in the refining process. Accordingly, various methods have been proposed for removing inclusion particles from molten metal, such as sedimentation[7] or flotation,[8] flux refining,[9] bubbling,[10] and filtration.[11] However, these methods are minimally effective for inclusion removal, especially in the case of fine size and small GAOYANG SONG is with the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Bright South Street 199, Hanshan District, Handan 056038, China and also with the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road 30, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China. BO SONG, ZHANCHENG GUO, and YUHOU YANG are with the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing. Contact e-mail: [email protected] MINGMING SONG is with the State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China. Manuscript submitted April 15, 2017.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
differences in density between particle and metal due to the kinetics and operational limitations.[12] Therefore, innovative and efficient methods for removing inclusions are strongly desired. As an emerging process intensification technology, super gravity has been studied in the following metallurgy fields: (a) removal of impurity elements (such as Fe, Si, and Cu) from non-ferrous metals,[13,14] (b) enrichment of valuable elements (such as Ti, V, RE, and P) from metallurgical slags,[15–18] (c) separation of non-metallic inclusions (such as MgAl2O4 particle) from molten aluminum,[19,20] and (d) refinement of the solidification structure of metal alloy (such as Al-Cu alloy).[21] The research results have demonstrated that super gravity is a high-efficiency method for purifying molten metal, recycling valuable elements, and refining the solidification structure. However, the separation behavior of non-metallic inclusions with densities less than that of liquid metal under a super-gravity field has been seldom studied. Miki et al.[22] found that the total oxygen content decreased obviously due to molten steel rotation, but the centrifugal field generated by the rotating electromagnetic field is rather small with the gravity coefficient of G £ 1.5, and generation of a larger centrifugal field using only the rotating electromagnetic field is limited. Li et al.[23] studied the effects of super-gravity coefficients and separation times on the removal of non-me
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