Separation of pedestrian counter flows with an array of obstacles
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Separation of pedestrian counter flows with an array of obstacles Shihori Koyama1 · Daisuke Inoue1 · Akihisa Okada1 · Hiroaki Yoshida1 Received: 23 April 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 / Published online: 15 October 2020 © International Society of Artificial Life and Robotics (ISAROB) 2020
Abstract In the present paper, we investigate pedestrian counter flows in a straight corridor by means of a molecular dynamics approach with the social force model. We demonstrate that the flow rate of two groups of people walking in the opposite directions is improved by means of an array of geometrically asymmetric obstacles, as a result of flow separations. That is, the obstacles separate groups of pedestrians walking in the opposite directions so that they spontaneously keep to their right or left. In addition, we show that even geometrically symmetric obstacles possess the same ability to induce the self-organization of pedestrian flow if the interaction force between the people and the obstacles is asymmetric. The appropriately designed geometry or interaction force is fully capable of controlling the filtering direction. The present results potentially provide a guideline for industrial design to improve daily human mobility. Keywords Pedestrian control · Social force model · Self-organization · Lane formation
1 Introduction Transportation systems are becoming increasingly diverse, forming more and more complicated systems containing different time and spatial scales. Even within each transportation system, there are still many phenomena being not fully understood, which are studied both experimentally and theoretically [1]. Among different types of transportations, walking is the most common and important, and therefore behaviors of pedestrian flows have been widely studied [2, 3]. In experimental studies, pedestrians’ trajectories are typically analyzed by recording the motion with video cameras or laser measurements [4–10]. Along with those experiments, theoretical approaches have also been used to understand the pedestrian behaviors. The so-called social force model, first proposed by Helbing and Molnár [11], is one of the most widely used theoretical approaches to model crowds This work was presented in part at the 3rd International Symposium on Swarm Behavior and Bio-Inspired Robotics (Okinawa, Japan, November 20–22, 2019). * Hiroaki Yoshida h‑[email protected] Shihori Koyama shihori‑[email protected] 1
Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 112‑0004, Japan
of pedestrians, which enables us to simulate the pedestrian flows using the molecular dynamics. It has been successfully applied to explain various phenomena such as evacuation from an exit and congestion in a corridor [12–15]. Some modified models have also been proposed [16–20] for the purpose of applying the model to various situations. Among various situations of crowded pedestrians, a counter flow or bidirectional flow, i.e., a group of people walking in one direction and the other group in the opposite d
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