Separation of Phosphorus and Manganese from Steelmaking Slag by Selective Reduction
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THE integrated steelmaking process generates blast furnace slag and steelmaking slag as byproducts, where most of the blast furnace slag is valuably reused as a material for cement production, whereas the steelmaking slag is used as a material for road base and civil engineering work.[1,2] However, in the future, domestic construction work is expected to decrease and the regulation for environmental suitability to become strict. Therefore, various studies have been conducted to develop another method for valorization of steelmaking slag.[3–5] Meanwhile, steelmaking slag contains several percentage of MnO and P2O5, and in Japan, the amounts of these elements in steelmaking slag are close to those of manganese imported as ferro-alloy or manganese ore and phosphorus as phosphate rock.[3,6] Mn is a key alloying element for various steel products, and P is an essential nutrient in agricultural production. In the last 5 years, the global consumption of Mn and P has not decreased; rather, many experts predict that their global demand will continue to
DONG JUN SHIN is with the Department of Metallurgy, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan. XU GAO, SHIGERU UEDA, and SHIN-YA KITAMURA are with the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577 Japan. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted October 12, 2018.
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increase along with industrial development and population growth. However, their deposits are substantially biased globally, and the top five countries occupy more than 70 pct of the total deposits in the world.[7,8] Therefore, their stable supply is an important national issue. For these reasons, many researchers have considered steelmaking slag as a secondary resource for these elements and studied their recovery from steelmaking slag using various methods. For example, Teratoko et al.[9] reported the dissolution behavior of a solid solution with high P content in an acidic solution and proposed the selective leaching process to separate P from steelmaking slag. As a fundamental study of this process, Numata et al.[10] and Du et al.[11] showed the difference in the dissolution behaviors of P- and Fe-rich phases in steelmaking. The magnetic separation process using the difference in the magnetic properties between the P- and Fe-rich phases was proposed by Kubo et al.[12] Using this process, powdered steelmaking slag was separated into Fe- and P-rich powders, and the content of P in the unmagnetized powder was found to be similar to that of the P-rich phase in steelmaking slag. Kim et al.[13] studied the separation of Mn from steelmaking slag by sulfurization using the difference in the thermodynamic stability of sulfide between Mn and P. They considered the process of producing the raw material for ferro-manganese alloy by a combination of sulfurization and oxidation. Besides the abovementioned studies, some other studies
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