Seroepidemiology of echovirus 30 in Korean children
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Seroepidemiology of echovirus 30 in Korean children Joo Young Lee, Yumi Seo, Ui Yoon Choi, Jong-Hyun Kim, Jin Han Kang Seoul, Korea
Methods: Two hundred and fifty residual serum samples were collected at St. Paul's Hospital. Individuals were categorized by age into four groups: group 1 (3 months-2 years), group 2 (3-6 years), group 3 (7-10 years) and group 4 (11-15 years). Neutralizing antibodies against echovirus 30 were measured. Results: Seroprotective neutralizing antibodies against echovirus 30 were detected in 129 (49%) individuals. Seropositivity rates were 23%, 48%, 55% and 73% in groups 1-4, respectively. For antibody titers, 1:256-1:512 was the highest neutralizing antibody titer range in group 2, while 1:1024-1:2048 in group 3 and 4. Among the seropositive individuals in group 3 and 4, 6% and 12% had neutralizing antibody titers of 1:2048, respectively. Conclusions: The seropositivity rate increased significantly with age. The distribution of neutralizing antibody titers varied by age group, and higher ranges of neutralizing antibody titers were observed in higher age groups. These findings suggest high susceptibility to echovirus 30 infection in children younger than 2 years old. Echovirus 30 infection in childhood may have contributed to increased neutralizing antibody titers with age. World J Pediatr August 2017; Online First Key words: echovirus 30; Korea; seroepidemiology
Author Affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Lee JY, Seo Y, Choi UY, Kim JH, Kang JH) Corresponding Author: Ui Yoon Choi, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, St. Paul's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 180, Wangsan-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02559, Republic of Korea (Tel: +82 2 9584536; Fax: +82 2 32954861; Email: [email protected]) doi: 10.1007/s12519-017-0058-x ©Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017. All rights reserved.
World J Pediatr, Online First, August 2017 . www.wjpch.com
Introduction
E
chovirus type 30 is a single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Picornaviridae family, Enterovirus genus, and Enterovirus B species. Echovirus causes a wide spectrum of diseases ranging from asymptomatic infection, nonspecific febrile illness, nonspecific rash, and upper respiratory infections to sepsis, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis and myositis, especially in neonates and children. Echovirus replicates in the gastrointestinal tract and is transmitted personto-person mostly via the fecal-oral route, although transmission may occur through respiration.[1-3] There are more than 30 serotypes of echovirus, and cases of aseptic meningitis caused by echoviruses 4, 6, 9, 11, 13 and 30 have been reported, with serotypes 6, 9 and 30 being the major pathogens of aseptic meningitis.[4,5] Recently, aseptic meningitis outbreaks associated with echovirus type 30 were reported in several countries, including America,[6] Greece,[7] France,[8] Italy,[9] Braz
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