Shenyan Kangfu tablet alleviates diabetic kidney disease through attenuating inflammation and modulating the gut microbi
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Shenyan Kangfu tablet alleviates diabetic kidney disease through attenuating inflammation and modulating the gut microbiota Qian Chen1 · Dongwen Ren1 · Jiaqi Wu2 · Haiyang Yu2 · Xiaopeng Chen1 · Jia Wang3 · Yi Zhang2 · Mengyang Liu1 · Tao Wang1 Received: 13 August 2020 / Accepted: 16 September 2020 © The Japanese Society of Pharmacognosy 2020
Abstract Inflammation plays a predominant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The Shenyan Kangfu tablet (SYKFT) is a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine for treating chronic kidney disease. However, the concrete mechanism is still unclear. According to previous clinical trial, we explored the effects and potential mechanism on DKD in db/db model supplemented with SYKFT. As a result, SYKFT reduced stimulated blood glucose and HbA1c levels, alleviated renal dysfunction, glomerular and tubular damage, and renal inflammation (TNF-α and IL-1β) in db/db mice. The primary mechanistic study illustrated that SYKFT improved renal injury mainly associated with inhibition of NF-κB in vivo and in vitro. This study further observed that SYKFT increased relative abundance of Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes, showing direct correlation between representative microbiota relative abundance and renal function parameters. SYKFT effectively decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, and positive correlation between the relative abundance and protein expression of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β predicted that anti-inflammatory activity of SYKFT was associated with modulating the gut microbiota. Therefore, we first demonstrated SYKFT alleviated DKD through regulating renal inflammatory signaling cascades and intestinal microbiota and also pointed out the role of specific gut microbiota in the development of DKD. Keywords Shenyan kangfu tablet · Diabetic kidney disease· · Inflammation · Gut microbiota·mesangial cells Abbreviations Cre Creatinine DKD Diabetic kidney disease H&E Hematoxylin–eosin HG High glucose HO-1 Heme oxygenase-1 JNK C-Jun N-terminal kinases Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-020-01452-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Mengyang Liu [email protected] * Tao Wang [email protected] 1
Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
2
Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
3
Tianjin Tongrentang Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300385, China
M/G The ratio of the mesangial matrix area to glomerular area MALB Microalbumin MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinases NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa-light chain enhancer of activated B cells NMDS Non-metrical multidimensional scaling NQO1 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1 Nrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 OUT Operational taxonomic units PAS Periodic acid–Schiff PCoA Principal coor
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