Shift and asymmetry of the saturated absorption resonance in the field of counterpropagating elliptically polarized wave
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Shift and Asymmetry of the Saturated Absorption Resonance in the Field of Counterpropagating Elliptically Polarized Waves D. V. Brazhnikova, *, A. V. Taichenacheva, b, A. M. Tumaikina, b, V. I. Yudina, b, **, V. L. Velichanskyc, d, and S. A. Zibrovc, d a
Institute of Laser Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Division, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13/3, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia b Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia c Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 53, Moscow, 117924 Russia d Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia *email: [email protected]; **email: [email protected] Received February 7, 2008
Abstract—The saturated absorption resonance in an atomic gas in the field of counterpropagating light waves with an arbitrary elliptical polarization is investigated. A conclusion about the peculiarities of the resonance shape is drawn from a general analysis of the symmetry of the problem. In particular, a new effect has been found: the polarization parameters of the light waves can lead to an asymmetry and shift of the resonance. These conclusions are corroborated by an approximate analytical solution for the Fg = 1 Fe = 2 transition and by numerical calculations. Apart from their fundamental importance, the results obtained can have important applications in metrology (frequency and time standards). PACS numbers: 42.62.Fi, 32.70.Jz, 06.20.f DOI: 10.1134/S1063776109070024
ter, the level populations in different velocity groups of atoms are redistributed under the action of laser beams due to the Doppler frequency shifts for moving particles. In this case, a velocityselective nonequilibrium distribu tion of atoms in internal degrees of freedom is formed (e.g., a Bennett hole [8]). When the laser frequency is scanned near an atomic transition, the waves act on the same velocity groups of atoms, producing narrow struc tures (a dip or a peak) against the background of a wide Doppler profile. The formation of such a nonlinear reso nance in the form of a dip in the gaslaser generation power was first predicted by Lamb [9, 10]. The saturated absorption resonances have a num ber of important fundamental and practical applica tions. In metrology, such resonances are used for the production of frequency standards, which are applied, for example, in navigation, and for precision spectros copy (measurements of transition frequencies [11, 12] and the constancy of world constants [13], Lamb shift [14] Rydberg constant [15], and isotopic shift [16]). Thus, for example, He⎯Ne and Nd:YAG lasers stabi lized by the saturated absorption resonance at vibra tional⎯rotational transitions of methane and iodine molecules (see, e.g., [17]) are among the bestknown optical frequency standards. There are also works where the laser frequency is stabilized by the saturated absorption resonance, for example, in acetylene [18],
1. INTRODUCTION Ultrahighresolution laser spectroscopy [1–7] is one of the m
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