Short and Long Distance Signaling
The ability of plants to exchange RNA molecules and transcription factors between cells and tissues is a relatively recent discovery. However, all areas of research such as plant development, metabolism, and plant pathogen interactions now realize the imp
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Friedrich Kragler
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Martin Hülskamp
Editors
Short and Long Distance Signaling Foreword by William J. Lucas
Editors Friedrich Kragler Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm, Germany [email protected]
Martin Hülskamp University of Cologne Germany [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4419-1531-3 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-1532-0 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-1532-0 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011941799 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword
In plants, and more specifically in angiosperms, the combination of plasmodesmata and the phloem allows for the establishment of local and long-distance pathways for the delivery of nutrients (sugars, amino acids, essential minerals) and information molecules, both large and small. It has long been appreciated that plasmodesmata, the intercellular organelles that form cytoplasmic bridges between neighboring cells, play important roles in coordinating biochemical and physiological events, at the tissue and organ level. This is achieved by controlling the cell-to-cell diffusion of metabolites by adjustments in both the physical properties of these cytoplasmic channels as well as their density within specific regions of adjoining cell walls. The ability of plasmodesmata to engage in the trafficking of information macromolecules is a relatively recent discovery. However, the impact of this discovery is now working its way through all areas of research from plant development and evolution to plant pathogen interactions. In this book, the first four chapters deal with the role of plasmodesmata in the cell-to-cell movement of proteins and RNA. The first chapter outlines the pioneering studies conducted on plant viruses. These experiments provided the first insights into the capacity of plasmodesmata to mediate in the cell-to-cell movement of virally encoded proteins that served to spread the infectious agent into neighboring cells and tissues. The discovery that plasmodesmata, like the nuclear pore complex, could engage in selective exchange of proteins and complexes of proteins and RNA/DNA led to the concept of supracellular co
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