Short-range ordering kinetics in 316 austenitic stainless steel
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In situ measurements are reported of electrical resistance changes in 316 austenitic stainless steel after abruptly raising or lowering temperature in the range from 440 ~ to 550 ~ subsequent to equilibration. These changes are found to be reproducible and have a magnitude roughly proportional to the temperature change. They are believed to be manifestations of approach toward a new state of shortrange order at the new temperature. Analysis of the kinetics indicates that very nearly a simple first-order reaction is involved. The rate constants were found to have an activation energy of 3.18 --- 0.40 eV. By analogy with the Zener relaxation, the temperature-change-induced short-range order which we observe is also believed to result from local atomic rearrangements in which an average atom makes a relatively small (
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