Signal enhancement and multiple suppression using Radon transform: an application to marine multichannel seismic data
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Signal enhancement and multiple suppression using Radon transform: an application to marine multichannel seismic data Uma Shankar Æ Shashank Shekhar Singh Æ Kalachand Sain
Received: 12 February 2009 / Accepted: 25 June 2009 / Published online: 14 July 2009 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009
Abstract Radon filters are often used for removal of multiple reflections from normal move-out-corrected seismic reflection data. In the conventional Radon transform, integration surfaces are hyperbolic rather than linear. This specific hyperbolic surface is equivalent to a parabola in terms of computational expense, but more accurately distinguishes multiples from primary reflections. The forward transform separates seismic arrivals by their differences in travel time move-out. Multiples can be suppressed by an inverse transform of the seismic data. Examples show that multiples are effectively attenuated in pre-stack and stacked seismograms. Based on the parabolic Radon transform, a new method is utilized for missing offset restoration, resampling and regularization of pre-stack individual common depth point (CDP) gathers. The method is also valid for resampling spatially aliased seismic data. Restoration of missing offsets and trace interpolation is an interesting and important problem in seismic data processing. Here we present an application of Radon transform on a multichannel seismic data set from the western continental margin of India (WCMI), which shows remarkable signal enhancement. Keywords WCMI Multichannel seismic data Radon transform Multiple suppression Restoration
U. Shankar (&) S. S. Singh K. Sain National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500606, India e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction The Radon transform is a mathematical technique that has been widely used in seismic data processing and image analysis. This will typically transform the data from the space-time domain (x, t) to the tau-p domain (s, p), where it is modified and then transformed back to (x, t) space. Three types of Radon transforms can be used for multipleattenuation in seismic data processing. The slant-stack or s-p transform, the hyperbolic Radon transform and the parabolic Radon transform (Trad 2001). The slant-stack transform can be combined with predictive deconvolution to attenuate multiples in the pre-stack seismic data based on the periodic characteristic of multiples. In contrast to the slant-stack transform, the hyperbolic and parabolic Radon transforms are applied to the attenuation of multiples based on moveout discrimination between multiples and primaries. Radon transform was first introduced by Johan Radons (1917). Deans (1983) discussed the mathematical theory, and Durrani and Bisset (1984) examined the fundamental properties of the Radon transform. Thorson and Claerbout (1985) utilized the hyperbolic Radon transform as a velocity analysis tool, and the parabolic Radon transform was applied for the
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