Simulation and optimization of the boron-lined MWPC neutron detectors
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Simulation and optimization of the boron-lined MWPC neutron detectors Lin Qiu1 · Yang-dong Wei1 · Xiao-hu Wang1
· Bin Tang2,3 · Jian-rong Zhou2 · Zhi-jia Sun2,4
Received: 26 February 2020 / Revised: 27 August 2020 / Accepted: 27 October 2020 © Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract Purpose Boron-lined gas detectors are prospective alternatives to helium-3-based neutron detectors. For boron-lined multiwire proportional chamber (MWPC) with neutron grazing incident angle geometry, high neutron detection efficiency and 3D position sensitive can be realized. In this paper, a multi-layer boron-lined MWPC was studied. Methods Influences of the boron coating thickness, coating layer numbers and neutron incident angle on the neutron detection efficiency were studied and optimized with Geant4 simulation. The output signal properties including induced signal width on the readout plane, the time resolution and gas gain uniformity of the detector were studied with Garfield program. Results and conclusion The results show that the neutron detection efficiency can be significantly increased by using neutron grazing incident geometry. For 4 layers of 10 B4 C with thickness of 1 µm, the neutron detection efficiency can reach to 54.56%, 49.17% and 44.36% when neutron incident angle is 6°, 8° and 10°, respectively. For detector with curved geometry, the gas gain is nonuniform among the anode wires, and using separate high voltage for each anode wire or wires group can effectively reduce the nonuniform of the gas gain. The results of this work can be used to optimize the detector design. Keywords Neutron detector · Boron-lined · MWPC · Simulation
Introduction Position-sensitive neutron detectors play an important role in neutron scattering studies. In the past several decades, helium-3-based neutron detectors are the most widely used neutron position sensitive detector because of the high neutron detection efficiency [1, 2]. However, because of the shortage crisis and high price of helium-3 gas, alternatives to helium-3-based neutron detectors were widely studied all over the world these years [3]. Boron-lined gaseous detectors, including boron-coated straw-tubes [4–6], GEM/THGEM
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Xiao-hu Wang [email protected]
1
Fundamental Science on Nuclear Waste and Environmental Security Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
2
Institute of High Energy Physics, China Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3
Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523000, China
4
State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, China
[7–11] and proportional counter [12–16] own many advantages for neutron detection, such as low gamma sensitivity, large sensitive area, etc. For boron-lined MWPCs, which own the additional advantages of low internal material, the neutron scattering background in the detector volume is much lower than other detectors. How to realize acceptable detection efficiency is the main problem
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