Simulation optimization iteration approach on traffic integrated yard allocation problem in transshipment terminals
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Simulation optimization iteration approach on traffic integrated yard allocation problem in transshipment terminals Chenhao Zhou1,2 · Qitong Zhao3 · Haobin Li2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract To improve the efficiency of the container terminals, we propose a simulation optimization iteration approach to integrate the yard allocation problem (YAP) with the vehicle congestion problem. YAP is formulated as a mixed integer programming model to reduce the total job travel time. A discrete event simulation model is developed to simulate the terminal operation and traffic movement within the terminal. The approach solves two models iteratively to improve the allocation decisions. Experiment results show that this approach can effectively generate yard allocation decisions, which reduce the overall traffic time comparing with traditional intuitive rules. Keywords Simulation optimization iteration · Yard allocation problem · Vehicle congestion reduction · Discrete event simulation · Transshipment terminal
1 Introduction As the global container shipping market is recovering, more containers are flowing through the container terminals. With the confidence that the market will boom in the long future, many countries have kicked off their new plans to develop new terminals while seeking new technologies, advanced operation strategies. * Chenhao Zhou [email protected]; [email protected] Qitong Zhao [email protected] Haobin Li [email protected] 1
School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
2
Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
3
School of Business, Singapore University of Social Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
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Typical container terminals have three components, i.e., sea side, yard side, and land side, which are connected by the traffic system. Typically, there are three types of layouts commonly found in the major terminals (Zhou et al. 2016), the parallel layout as the Pasir Panjang Terminal in Singapore, the perpendicular layout as the Euromax in Rotterdam and the block-based perpendicular layout as the HHLA-CTB terminal in Hamburg. The parallel layout is commonly used in transshipment terminals in Asia. Due to the features of the transshipment operation, the activities in the transshipment terminals are more frequent, more concentrated, and sometimes even more challenging. With the development of technology and operation strategies, the bottleneck of improving terminal efficiency has gradually shifted from the quayside to the yard side (Stahlbock and Voss 2008). Among different problems, yard allocation problem (YAP) is a basic planning level decision that focuses on optimizing the container storage locations to satisfy the storage demand and reduces operational cost or service time. For transshipment terminals with numerous activities and limited land, the YAP is more challenging. Hence, new str
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