Single-Step Synthesis of Cubic Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ Nanophosphor by Flame Spray Pyrolysis

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JTTEE5 25:1570–1576 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-016-0475-8 1059-9630/$19.00  ASM International

Single-Step Synthesis of Cubic Y2O3:Eu3+ Nanophosphor by Flame Spray Pyrolysis Jae Seok Lee, Jinhyung Lee, Hyuksu Han, Purushottam Kumar, and Rajiv K. Singh (Submitted February 9, 2016; in revised form October 11, 2016) In this report, we investigated a single-step process for formation of high crystallinity Y2O3:Eu3+ red nanophosphor by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) without post-heat treatments. Crystallinity of as-formed nanophosphor particle was improved by addition of urea to the nitrate-based liquid precursor. Urea increased the temperature in the flame zone thus ensuring Y2O3:Eu3+ formation at higher flame temperature. Higher temperature reached during combustion of urea promoted the formation of better crystallinity, nano-sized and spherical-shaped particles. The effect of urea in the precursor to obtain highefficiency Y2O3:Eu3+ nanophosphor was studied.

Keywords

flame spray synthesis, nanomaterials, optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD)

1. Introduction Rare-earth-doped oxide phosphor materials are widely used in optical devices such as cathode ray tubes (CRTs) and field emission displays (FEDs) (Ref 1, 2). Among these phosphors, europium-doped yttrium oxide (Y2O3:Eu3+) is the most popular phosphor material for red color applications (Ref 3-5). In last few years, nanosized phosphor materials have been of interest because of their unique chemical and physical properties, e.g., high luminescence efficiency and higher doping concentration without concentration quenching (Ref 6, 7). The decrease in size of phosphor particles to nanometer range leads to a large surface-to-volume ratio, which makes it a more promising material in display applications; and nano-size phosphor particles, with a spherical shape, are highly desirable to extend its application to high resolution (Ref 8-10). Typically, the luminescence efficiency of phosphor particles is strongly dependent on the characteristics of the prepared phosphors such as particle size (Ref 11), surface morphology (Ref 12), concentration quenching (Ref 13) and crystallinity (Ref 14). Among these, crystallinity of phosphor particles is an important factor for obtaining high luminescence efficiency. Methods to improve the efficiency of phosphor materials have centered on improving the physical properties of phosphor materials, e.g., controlled surface morphology, size of phosphor particle, reduction of concentration quenching. These Jae Seok Lee, Jinhyung Lee, Purushottam Kumar and Rajiv K. Singh, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; and Hyuksu Han, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si, 31056 Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea. Contact e-mail: [email protected].

1570—Volume 25(8) December 2016

properties have been controlled by the preparation technique and processing temperatures. Various types of techniques, such as sol–gel method (Ref 15), hydrothermal synthesis (Ref 16), co-precipitation (Ref 17), comb

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