Skin lesion segmentation using k-mean and optimized fire fly algorithm
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Skin lesion segmentation using k-mean and optimized fire fly algorithm Shelly Garg 1 & Balkrishan Jindal 2 Received: 12 October 2019 / Revised: 17 September 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Digital image processing is turning out to be increasingly more significant in the health care field used to diagnose skin cancer. The death rate is increasing by 1% every year due to skin cancer. One of the major causes of casualties due to this cancer is the non-predictability at the early stages. This paper will help in future research work when it comes to early detection of a tumor. In this work, the proposed model comprises of two important steps which are preprocessing and segmentation. In a pre-processing case, unwanted artifacts like hair, illumination, or many other artifacts are reduced by an enhanced technique using threshold and morphological operations and In the second step, segmentation of skin lesion using k-mean segmentation algorithm with optimized firefly algorithm (FFA) technique is used to achieve high accuracy. Input sample images are taken from the International skin imaging collaboration (ISIC) archive dataset and dermatology service of Hospital Pedro Hispano (PH2) dataset which are available online. The results of the proposed method are measured in terms of different parameters. It provides an accuracy of 99.1% and 98.9% using ISIC and PH2 datasets and shows better performance than existing techniques such as K-Mean and K-Mean with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The performance of this research work is, in fact, quite promising. Keywords Automatic detection . FFA . K-mean . Pre-processing . Segmentation
1 Introduction Skin tends to develop several types of cancers. Cancer is defined as a condition in which there is an unnatural development of certain cells that happens due to modification in gene * Shelly Garg [email protected] Balkrishan Jindal [email protected]
1
Department of Electronics and communication, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
2
Department of Computer Engineering, YCoE, Punjabi University, Guru Kashi Campus, Talwandi Sabo, India
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expression. These cancerous cells further invade neighborhood cells. In the modern world, the number of cancer patients has been increased because of factors affecting the human body such as life span increase, some personal habits, and ultraviolet light exposure. Skin cancer is basically of two different types which are Malignant and Benign. The difference between both categories is due to their ability to spread or metastasize to remote tissues and organs. Malignant type of Cancer can effectively invade and can destroy its neighboring tissues. It can also spread to remote tissues as well as organs through the bloodstream or lymphatic system [21]. Benign cancer is a more localized type of cancer but it can affect the environment by applying pressure on neighboring nerves or blood vessels. The growth rate of Benign cancer
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