Sleep Disorders in Adolescence
- PDF / 514,467 Bytes
- 8 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 84 Downloads / 215 Views
REVIEW
Sleep Disorders in Adolescence Omna Chawla1 · Ravi Gupta2 Received: 19 June 2020 / Accepted: 30 October 2020 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
Abstract Adolescence is a significant period in the lifespan of an individual when several changes including physical and mental development take place. These transitional changes are associated with various health consequences that also includes sleep and its various problems. The World Health Organization and the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention have pointed out in their reports that adolescence is sleeping less than the recommended duration. Research has pointed out that inadequate sleep is associated with various negative influences on the psychosocial wellbeing of an individual. Therefore, due attention should be given to sleep and sleep-associated problems for the normal development of an adolescent. This review was written after the online search using various search methods in PubMed using keywords as adolescence and sleep disorders. The articles in English were identified and subsequently analysed for consideration for this review. The evidence suggests that there are various reasons for insufficient sleep among adolescents, which may range from phase delay due to biological reasons or genetic disorders like narcolepsy but despite having a significant negative influence on health and well-being they are relatively unappreciated and thus they are needed to be taken into account while conducting a clinical interview in this vulnerable population. So with this review, we aim to focus on common sleep disorders during adolescence so that the clinician should be able to notice the sleep-related problems and thus any potentially reversible condition can be noticed in time to avoid deterioration of health. The common conditions selected for discussion in this paper include delayed sleep phase syndrome, restless legs syndrome, obstructive sleep apnoea, sleep-related bruxism, narcolepsy, and insomnia. Keywords Adolescent · Obstructive sleep apnea · Restless legs syndrome · Sleep bruxism · Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders · Sleep–wake disorders
1 Introduction ’Adolescents’ are the individuals in the age range of 10–19 years as per World Health Organisation. It is a distinct period in the lifecycle of an individual which is attributed to the transition from childhood to being an adult. This transition is marked by changes in hormonal, somatic as well as psychological functioning and maturity which is also associated with modifications in the sleep–wake cycle [1]. These changes in the sleep–wake cycle reflect the maturation of regulatory mechanisms which include a relationship with the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis [2, 3] * Omna Chawla [email protected] 1
Department of Physiology, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, India
Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
2
and neurobiological reorganization in response to changing educational and societal needs [4]. The endo
Data Loading...
