Sleep problems increase the risk of musculoskeletal pain in boys but not girls: a prospective cohort study
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Sleep problems increase the risk of musculoskeletal pain in boys but not girls: a prospective cohort study Alessandro Andreucci 1,2 Kate M Dunn 1
&
Paul Campbell 1,3 & Lisa K Mundy 4 & Susan M Sawyer 4 & Silja Kosola 5 & George C Patton 4 &
Received: 25 January 2020 / Revised: 23 April 2020 / Accepted: 24 April 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Adults with sleep problems are at higher risk for onset of musculoskeletal pain, but the evidence is less clear for children. This prospective cohort study investigated whether children with sleep problems are at higher risk for onset of musculoskeletal pain and explored whether sex is a modifier of this association. In a prospective cohort study of Australian schoolchildren (n = 1239, mean age 9 years), the associations between sleep problems at baseline and new onset of both musculoskeletal pain and persistent musculoskeletal pain (pain lasting > 3 months) 1 year later were investigated using logistic regression. The potential modifying effect of sex was also assessed. One-year incidence proportion for musculoskeletal pain onset is 43% and 7% for persistent musculoskeletal pain. Sleep problems were associated with musculoskeletal pain onset and persistent musculoskeletal pain onset in boys, odds ratio 2.80 (95% CI 1.39, 5.62) and OR 3.70 (1.30, 10.54), respectively, but not girls OR 0.58 (0.28, 1.19) and OR 1.43 (0.41, 4.95), respectively. Conclusions: Rates of musculoskeletal pain are high in children. Boys with sleep problems are at greater risk of onset of musculoskeletal pain, but girls do not appear to have higher risk. Consideration of sleep health may help prevent persistent musculoskeletal pain in children. What is Known: • Sleep problems are associated with the onset of musculoskeletal pain in adults. • It is not clear if the association between sleep problems and the onset of musculoskeletal pain is present also in children and if sex plays a role in this association. What is New: • This is the first large population-based study that has prospectively investigated the relationship between sleep problems and onset of musculoskeletal pain in school-aged children. • Children, especially boys with sleep problems, were at increased risk for the development of persistent musculoskeletal pain.
Communicated by Gregorio Paolo Milani * Alessandro Andreucci [email protected] * George C Patton [email protected] Paul Campbell [email protected]
1
Primary Care Centre Versus Arthritis, School of Primary, Community and Social Care, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
2
Center for General Practice at Aalborg University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ost, Denmark
3
Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Research and Innovation, St Georges Hospital, Corporation Street, Stafford, Staffordshire ST16 3SR, UK
4
Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital Centre for Adolescent Health and Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Flemington Rd Park
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