Slopping resulting from gas injection in a peirce-smith converter: Water modeling
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INTRODUCTION
THE slopping
phenomenon resulting from gas injection in a Peirce-Smith converter has not been extensively studied experimentally. The work of Kootz and Gille tl] showed that for a given bath fill, the presence or absence and the mode of standing waves depended on the position of the tuyeres relative to the liquid free surface. Richards e t a l . t2] studied the first asymmetric standing wave in a 0.25 scale water model of the copper converter. They found that the standing wave generated had a constant amplitude of 0.1 m measured at the breast and was independent of bath depth and tuyere submergence. The above works have been summarized in an earlier paper.j31 Leroy and de Lara [4] carried out an extensive study on the wave formation in upright cylinders resulting from bottom gas injection. They showed that the presence or absence of a standing wave mode was determined by the gas flow rate, the geometrical parameters, and the position and number of tuyeres. The wave period was found to be a function of the gas flow rate, bath depth, and bath diameter. It was possible to move from a region where a standing wave occurred to another region where no standing wave occurred by changing either the gas flow rate or the bath depth. This indicates the possibility of using both the gas flow rate and the bath depth as a means of controlling the fluid dynamics occurring within the cylindrical vessel. The objective of this paper is to consider the changes in the free surface motion when the gas flow rate, bath depth, tuyere submergence, and tuyere angle are varied in the Peirce-Smith converter geometry. Experimentally, this work was carried out in a water model of a Peirce-
JONG-LENG L I O W , Research Fellow, and N.B. G R A Y , Senior Lecturer, are with the G.K. Williams Centre for Extractive Metallurgy, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. Manuscript submitted November 21, 1989. METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS B
Smith converter. Earlier work by Liow and Gray [3] compared the theoretical and experimental predictions of the period of the standing waves obtaining good agreement. The knowledge of the wave period alone is insufficient to provide information necessary for operating the PeirceSmith converter optimally. In particular, the interaction between the gas flow rate, bath depth, and existence of a standing wave is not known. This study was carded out to provide an understanding of the power required to give rise to standing waves. The types of standing waves predominantly found in the Peirce-Smith converter geometry are shown in Figure 1. The first part of this paper describes the changes found experimentally on the free surface for a fixed bath depth when the gas flow rate and tuyere submergence are varied. The second part of this paper shows how the presence or absence of standing waves depends mainly on the tuyere submergence and the bath depth. An analysis of the power required to give rise to the standing waves is carried out on the experimental data, and the trends observed are d
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