Small forest patches as pollinator habitat: oases in an agricultural desert?
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Small forest patches as pollinator habitat: oases in an agricultural desert? Willem Proesmans . Dries Bonte . Guy Smagghe . Ivan Meeus . Guillaume Decocq . Fabien Spicher . Annette Kolb . Isgard Lemke . Martin Diekmann . Hans Henrik Bruun . Monika Wulf . Sanne Van Den Berge . Kris Verheyen
Received: 30 August 2018 / Accepted: 14 February 2019 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract Context Small forest fragments are often the most abundant type of semi-natural habitat in intensive agricultural landscapes. Wild pollinators can use these forest patches as nesting or foraging habitat. However, the importance of small forest fragments as pollinator habitat has been neglected so far. Objectives We evaluated the role of these forest patches as pollinator habitat, focusing on the effect of
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-019-00782-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. W. Proesmans (&) S. Van Den Berge K. Verheyen Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Forest and Water Management, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium e-mail: [email protected]
nesting and foraging resources, both at a local and at a landscape scale. Methods Pollinators were sampled with pan traps in 78 forest patches, spread over five study regions in Northwestern Europe. We evaluated effect of forest and landscape characteristics on bee and hoverfly species richness, diversity and activity-abundance. Results We showed that the bee community is influenced by both microsite conditions and landscape characteristics. Species richness and activity-abundance were higher when suitable nesting resources, such as sloped terrain and bare soil were available. This suggests that forest edges are important in
A. Kolb I. Lemke M. Diekmann Vegetation Ecology and Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Bremen, Leobener Str, 28359 Bremen, Germany
W. Proesmans D. Bonte Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
H. H. Bruun Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
W. Proesmans G. Smagghe I. Meeus Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links, 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
M. Wulf Department for Land Use Systems and Landscape Ecology, Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Mu¨ncheberg, Germany
G. Decocq F. Spicher UR ‘‘Ecologie et Dynamique des Syste`mes Anthropise´s’’ (EDYSAN, FRE 3498 CNRS-UPJV), Universite´ de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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Landscape Ecol
providing nesting sites, but that most species forage in different habitats. Hoverfly species richness was higher in old forest fragments. This relation was mainly caused by the presence of forest specialist hoverflies in old
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