Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) lenticule thickness readout compared to change in axial length measurements
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REFRACTIVE SURGERY
Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) lenticule thickness readout compared to change in axial length measurements with the IOLMaster Eugene Tay 1
&
Ram Bajpai 2,3
Received: 23 December 2018 / Revised: 12 September 2019 / Accepted: 28 October 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Purpose To compare theoretical values from the small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) lenticule thickness readout with change in axial length measurements taken with the IOLMaster. Methods We prospectively studied 214 eyes from 107 patients undergoing bilateral SMILE surgery for myopia or myopic astigmatism between December 2014 and May 2017 at an ophthalmological practice in Singapore. All eyes were examined pre-operatively and 1 and 3 months post-operatively with the IOLMaster following SMILE surgery. Achieved lenticule thickness was taken as the change in axial length after surgery. A linear mixed-effects model was used to examine changes in axial length, spherical equivalent and acuity over time. The relationships between change in axial length and theoretical lenticule thickness and spherical equivalent were examined with multiple linear regression analyses, and model prediction was assessed with adjusted R2 statistics. Results Mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) spherical equivalent pre-operatively was − 5.25 (95% CI − 5.38 to − 5.12) diopters (D), at 1 month was 0.04 (95% CI − 0.09 to 0.17) D (p < 0.001), and at 3 months was − 0.02 (95% CI − 0.15 to 0.11) D (p < 0.001). Mean (95% CI) pre-operative axial length was 27,726 (95% CI 25,595 to 25,857) μm. Post-operative axial length at 1 month was significantly shorter at 25,595 (95% CI 25,464 to 25,726) μm (p < 0.001) with no change thereafter (p = 0.647). Preoperative mean ± standard deviation (SD) refractive target was 0.24 (± 0.3) D, and mean difference between target and postoperative spherical equivalent at 1 month was 0.20 D (95% CI 0.16 to 0.25 D, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that change in axial length at 1 month was, on average, 5% lower than theoretical lenticule thickness, indicating an average difference of 5.4 μm (95% CI 5.2 to 5.6 μm). Preoperative spherical equivalent predicted negative association with change in axial length at 1 month (β = − 14.8, 95% CI − 18.2 to − 11.3, adjusted R2 = 0.457, p < 0.001). Conclusions Calculated lenticule thickness values were less than expected, and post-operative refractive outcomes at 1 month showed a slight under-correction. Further research in this area is needed to validate these findings. Keywords SMILE . Lenticule . Thickness . Refractive . IOLMaster
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-019-04529-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Eugene Tay [email protected] 1
Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Singapore 169856, Singapore
2
Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, N
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