Smart Transportation Systems: Architecture, Enabling Technologies, and Open Issues
With the development of smart sensors, smart vehicles, and vehicular communication technologies, the smart transportation system is proposed and considered to be the future of the transportation critical infrastructure system, aiming to improve traffic ef
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Abstract With the development of smart sensors, smart vehicles, and vehicular communication technologies, the smart transportation system is proposed and considered to be the future of the transportation critical infrastructure system, aiming to improve traffic efficiency, safety, and security. All vehicles and roadside infrastructures will be deployed with integrated smart sensors and communication units in order that traffic states can be measured and shared via vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication networks. With the smart transportation system, diversified services can be provided to customers, including traffic and transportation management, safety management, and others. In addition, the optimal travel for users (e.g., drivers) can be achieved, travel safety can be realized, and road congestion can be reduced in the smart transportation system. Nonetheless, security issues, including illegal access, attacks, unauthorized information sharing, and so on, become challenging in the smart transportation system. In order to understand smart transportation systems such that techniques can be designed to make them secure, this chapter conducts a review of smart transportation systems with respect to architecture, enabling technologies, and open issues. To be specific, a three-layer architecture is first presented for the smart transportation system, including the physical layer, communication layer, and service layer. Then, the detailed components and enabling technologies in each layer are described. Finally, we present some open issues related to security, big data, performance, and evaluation platforms in the smart transportation system.
H. Xu ⋅ W. Yu (✉) Towson University, Towson, MD, USA e-mail: [email protected] H. Xu e-mail: [email protected] J. Lin Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] © The Author(s) 2017 Y. Sun and H. Song (eds.), Secure and Trustworthy Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems, SpringerBriefs in Computer Science, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-3892-1_2
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1 Introduction The smart transportation system, also known as the intelligent transportation system (ITS) or transportation-based cyber-physical system (CPS), has been rapidly developing with the advancement of smart sensors, smart vehicles, vehicular communication, and the like [8, 102, 103]. As the future transportation infrastructure system, the smart transportation system is capable of connecting smart vehicles and roadside units via vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications and vehicle-toinfrastructure (V2I) communications, integrating information, computation, communication, and control technologies to enable the sharing of real-time traffic data and road information to users (drivers, etc.), and providing efficient and reliable services to improve traffic efficiency and safety in the transportation system [18, 20, 77]. Unlike the traditional transportation system, users (travelers, etc.) in the smart transportation system technology play a
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