Social Cohesion and Food Insecurity: Insights from the Geographic Research on Wellbeing (GROW) Study
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Social Cohesion and Food Insecurity: Insights from the Geographic Research on Wellbeing (GROW) Study Justin T. Denney1 • Rachel Tolbert Kimbro1 • Katherine Heck2 • Catherine Cubbin3
Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016
Abstract Objectives Food insecurity in the United States is a stubborn public health issue, affecting more than one in five households with children and disproportionately impacting racial and ethnic minority women and their children. Past research and policy has focused on household predictors of food insecurity, but neglected broader factors, such as perceived neighborhood social cohesion, that might protect those most vulnerable to food insecurity. Methods We use a racially and ethnically diverse data set from the Geographic Research on Wellbeing study (N = 2847) of women and their young children in California to investigate whether social cohesion influences food insecurity and whether it moderates the relationship between race/ethnicity and food insecurity. Results We find that lower levels of perceived residential neighborhood social cohesion associate with higher odds of food insecurity even after considering important household socioeconomic factors. In addition, our results suggest that social cohesion is most relevant for reducing the risk of food insecurity among racial and ethnic minority mothers. For example, the probability of food insecurity for immigrant Latina mothers is nearly 0.40 in neighborhoods where mothers perceive little to no cohesion and less than 0.10 in neighborhoods where mothers perceive high cohesion.
& Justin T. Denney [email protected] 1
Kinder Institute Urban Health Program and Department of Sociology, Rice University, 6100 Main St. MS-28, Houston, TX 77005, USA
2
Center on Social Disparities in Health, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
3
Population Research Center and School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
Conclusions for Practice Higher levels of neighborhood perceived social cohesion are protective against food insecurity in households with children and especially so for racial and ethnic minority households who are at a heightened risk of food insecurity. Supporting programs that focus on building closer knit communities may be a key to reducing food insecurity overall and for reducing disparities in food insecurity by race and ethnicity. Keywords Food insecurity Social cohesion Race Ethnicity
Significance What is already known on this subject? More than 1 in 5 households with children under the age of 18 in the United States are food insecure. Past research has identified heightened risks for food insecurity for racial and ethnic minority households and that food insecurity has robust negative associations with health and development. What does this study add? We know far less about how communities shape food insecurity. The current study focuses on the role of perceived social cohesion in the residential neighborhood and finds that as feelings of social connectedness increa
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