Social Group Optimization Algorithm for Pattern Optimization in Antenna Arrays
Over a decade, the evolutionary and social inspired computing techniques have revolutionarised the nonlinear problem-solving methods with their efficiency in searching for the global optimum solutions. Several engineering problems are dealt with such natu
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Abstract Over a decade, the evolutionary and social inspired computing techniques have revolutionarised the nonlinear problem-solving methods with their efficiency in searching for the global optimum solutions. Several engineering problems are dealt with such nature-inspired techniques. In the recent past, the evolutionary computing and socio-inspired algorithms have been applied to antenna array synthesis problems. In this chapter, the novel social group optimization algorithm (SGOA) is used for the antenna array synthesis. Three different and potential pattern synthesis problems like sidelobe level (SLL) optimization, null positioning, and failure compensation are dealt for demonstrating the effectiveness of the SGOA over the conventional uniform patterns. In all the cases, the simulation-based experimentation is repeated for 20-element and 28-element linear array. The robustness of the algorithm to deal with the constrained objectives of antenna array synthesis is discussed with relevant outcomes from the simulations in terms of the convergence plots. Keywords Social group optimization · Antenna arrays · Pattern optimization
V. V. S. S. S. Chakravarthy (B) · P. S. R. Chowdary Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Raghu Institute of Technology, Visakhapatnam, India e-mail: [email protected] P. S. R. Chowdary e-mail: [email protected] S. C. Satapathy School of Computer Engineering, KIIT (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India e-mail: [email protected] J. Anguera Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain e-mail: [email protected] J. Anguera · A. Andújar Technology Department, Fractus Antennas, Barcelona, Spain © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 A. J. Kulkarni et al. (eds.), Socio-cultural Inspired Metaheuristics, Studies in Computational Intelligence 828, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6569-0_13
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1 Introduction An antenna array is an arrangement of similar radiating elements in a certain geometrical shape. These antenna arrays are generally used for higher directivity applications in wireless communications. High directivity is accomplished with all the elements in the array collectively operating as a single radiating system [1, 2]. Thereby, every element contributes to the radiation. This concentration of the radiation certainly facilitates enhanced directivity and also the performance of long-distance communication systems. These arrays have consequently replaced the poor performing single element system. In addition to excellent directivity, the antennas of modern wireless communications need to possess typical features like control on sidelobe level (SLL), beam width (BW) as well as beam steering (BS) [3–5]. Single-element antenna cannot exhibit these characteristics. In addition, they need some additional circuitry to control the main beam. As a result, the system appears unwieldy. Moreover, the main problem with single-element antenna is that th
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