Sociocultural Roots of Mental Illness An Epidemiologic Survey
For the past decade and more, American psychiatry has been at sea on the adventurous if uncontrolled odyssey of community psychiatry. The voyage has often coursed through uncharted oceans, and for many the purpose and destination of the journey have been
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TOPICS IN GENERAL PSYCHIATRY Series editor:
John C. Nemiah, M.D.
Psychilltrist-in-Chief, Beth Israel Hospital and Professor of Psychilltry, Harvard MediCIII School
HYPNOSIS Fred H. Frankel, M.B.Ch.B., D.P.M. THE FRONTIER OF BRIEF PSYCHOTHERAPY David H. Malan, D.M., F.R.C. Psych. THE PRACTITIONER'S GUIDE TO PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS Ellen L. Bassuk, M.D., and Stephen C. Schoonover, M.D. SOCIOCULTURAL ROOTS OF MENTAL ILLNESS: An Epidemiologic Survey John J. Schwab, M.D., and Mary E. Schwab, M.D.
Sociocultural Roots ofMental Illness An Epidemiologic Survey John J. Schwab, MD. University of Louiwille Louiwille, Kentucky
and Mary E. Schwab, M.D. Massachusetts Mental Health Center Boston, Massachusetts
PLENUM MEDICAL BOOK COMPANY· New York and London
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Schwab, John J Sociocultural roots of mental illness. (Topics in general psychiatry) Includes index. 1. Social psychiatry. 2. Psychology, Pathological-Etiology. 3. Epidemiology. I. Schwab, Mary E., JOLTlt author. II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Mental disorders-Occurrence. 2. Mental disorders-Etiology. 3. Social environment. 4 . Culture. WM31 S398s] RC455.S324 362.2'04'22 78-586 ISBN 978-1-4684-2435-5
ISBN 978-1-4684-2435-5 DOl 10.1007/978-1-4684-2433-1
ISBN 978-1-4684-2433-1
© 1978 Plenum Publishing Corporation Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1978
227 West 17th Street, New York, N. Y. 10011 Plenum Medical Book Company is an imprint of Plenum Publishing Corporation All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfllming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
To the two persons who, in different ways, inspired, befriended, and helped us Jules H. Masserman, M.D.• and Ruby B. Schwab
Foreword
For the past decade and more, American psychiatry has been at sea on the adventurous if uncontrolled odyssey of community psychiatry. The voyage has often coursed through uncharted oceans, and for many the purpose and destination of the journey have been obscure. Even among those whose sights are clearer, there is growing concern that the ship will be becalmed by inadequate funding or run aground on the shoals of bureaucratic anarchy. For all of these voyagers this volume should come as a welcome compass. The authors' review of their subject is encyclopedic. They have not only traced the origins of modem concepts and studies back to their historical roots, but have drawn their material widely from the work of investigators throughout the world to illustrate current trends and problems. The novice will find their discussion of epidemiology a clearlywritten and useful introduction to one of the scientific foundations of social psychiatry, and novice and expert alike can profit from their thoughtful and critical assessment of basic terms and concepts, including illuminating chapters on stress, genetics, psychophysiologic disorders, and cultural psychiatry. The volume
