Sonochemically Synthesized ZnO Nanostructured Piezoelectric Layers for Self-Powered Sensor Applications
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MRS Advances © 2019 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2019.88
Sonochemically Synthesized ZnO Nanostructured Piezoelectric Layers for Self-Powered Sensor Applications 1Fahmida
Alam, Sadegh Mehdi Aghaei, Ahmed Hasnain Jalal, Nezih Pala
1Department of Electrical &Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL33174, U.S.A.
ABSTRACT
In this paper, we report on the flexible thin film piezoelectric nanogenerators based on twodimensional ZnO nanoflakes (NFs) directly deposited onto flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using a simple sonochemical reaction in aqueous solution at room temperature. Our sonochemical synthesis method is a rapid, highly stable, low-cost, and reproducible method, which can be performed at ambient conditions. These advantages of the sonochemical method allow the synthesis of many different ZnO nanostructures. The structural investigations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the ZnO NFs grew with high level of crystallinity and without any thermal damage on the substrates. The fabrication of these device provides a promising solution for developing flexible and self-powered electronic devices particularly wearable and implantable sensors. This ZnO-NFs based nanogenerator provides 62 mV of potential and significant reproducibility having with lower p-value (0.0212).
INTRODUCTION Energy harvesting from ambient environments is enticing and has received increasing deal of attention for building the self-powered systems recently. Nanogenerators (NGs) have shown the capability to harvest the mechanical energies in different forms [1]. A piezoelectric-based nanogenerator is particularly interesting for portable smart nanoelectronics because it can scavenge biomechanical energy from human body motions and activities, such as blood flow, muscle stretching, eye blinking or heartbeat [2] and turns it into electricity. In specific, a piezoelectric based NG is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by employing active nanomaterials. Nanomaterials promote the flow of charges due to mechanical stresses and strains. In 2006,
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it was demonstrated for the first time for the generation of power employing the piezoelectric properties of nanomaterials [3]. Thin film based piezoelectric NGs have proven to be suitable for scavenging irregular mechanical sources from bending or rolling motions [4]. It is shown that the output of a piezoelectric NG is associated with the coupling of the piezoelectric and the semiconducting properties of the piezoelectric nanomaterial [3]. ZnO-based piezoelectric NGs are the subject of extensive research due to the advantages of ZnO over other materials. ZnO shows both semiconducting and piezoelectric properties t
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